基于数字孪生的交通枢纽火灾模拟与疏散仿真研究  

Research on Fire Simulation and Evacuation Simulation of Transportation Hub Based on Digital Twins

作　　者：陈炜 姜雪明 奚燕 Chen Wei;Jiang Xueming;Xi Yan(Zhejiang SUPCON Information Co.Ltd.,Hangzhou 310000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江中控信息产业股份有限公司,杭州310000

出　　处：《绿色建造与智能建筑》2025年第1期28-32,63,共6页Green Construction and Intelligent Building

摘　　要：交通枢纽是交通运输系统的重要组成部分,具有人流量大、环境复杂、设备众多等特点。当交通枢纽发生火灾时,如何准确预测火灾发展趋势,有效规划疏散路线,从而在最短时间内疏散交通枢纽内的旅客并最大限度减少因火灾造成的人员伤亡,有效提升交通枢纽的安全性和可靠性。基于数字孪生的火灾模拟和疏散仿真模型,以数值模拟与可视化呈现为基础,通过对交通枢纽进行虚拟重建,模拟不同火灾情况下人员的疏散和火势与烟气的发展规律,对人员的疏散行为进行矫正,减少拥堵发生概率,合理均衡逃生口利用率,保障交通枢纽内的人员安全、高效地疏散撤离。将数字孪生技术与传统计算机仿真技术相结合,通过仿真推演对应急疏散策略进行评估,为火灾现场的应急指挥和决策辅助提供科学支撑与数据保障,实现交通枢纽应急管理科学化、专业化和精细化能力的全面提升。The transportation hub is a critical component of the transportation system,characterized by high volumes of pedestrian traffic,complex environmental conditions,and a wide array of equipment.In the event of a fire at a transportation hub,accurate prediction of fire development trends and effective planning of evacuation routes are essential to swiftly evacuate passengers,minimizefire-related casualties,and enhance the safety and reliability of the transportation hub.The fire simulation and evacuation simulation model based on digital twins,based on numerical simulation and visual presentation,simulates the evacuation of personnel under different fire conditions and the development law of fire and smoke through virtual reconstruction of the traffic hub,corrects the evacuation behavior of personnel,reduces the probability of congestion,and makes the utilization rate of escape exits reasonable and balanced.Ensure safe and efficient evacuation of personnel in the transportation hub.The digital twin technology is combined with the traditional computer simulation technology to evaluate the emergency evacuation strategy through simulation,provide scientific support and data guarantee for the emergency command and decision-making assistance of the fire scene,effectively improve the safety and reliability of the transportation hub,and realize the comprehensive improvement of the scientific,professional and refined ability of the emergency management of the transportationhub.

关 键 词：交通枢纽 数字孪生 火灾模拟 疏散仿真 

分 类 号：TU71[建筑科学—建筑技术科学] TU921