抗病毒药物的研究进展  

Advances in antiviral drugs

作　　者：周誉 哈莉莉 王骏 ZHOU Yu;HA Li-li;WANG Jun(Center for Drug Evaluation,National Medical Products Administration,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]国家药品监督管理局药品审评中心,北京100076

出　　处：《中国临床药理学杂志》2025年第2期254-259,共6页The Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology

摘　　要：病毒是引起人类或其他动、植物产生许多严重疾病的主要病原体之一。抗病毒药物是一类专门用于治疗病毒感染的药物。虽然不同的病毒以不同的方式复制,但感染人体具有几个共同的阶段,包括进入、生物合成、组装和释放。同一属的病毒在蛋白质结构和序列上高度相似,因此其可以作为抗病毒药物开发的共同靶点。本文综述了人类病毒感染的过程以及针对这些过程设计的靶向抗病毒药物,包括靶向病毒包膜糖蛋白表面亚基(SfS)和跨膜亚基(TmS)的抑制药、靶向宿主蛋白的病毒进入抑制药、RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶(RdRp)和RNA依赖性DNA聚合酶(RdDp)抑制药,以及病毒蛋白酶抑制药,以期为开发具有潜力的抗病毒药物提供线索。Virus are one of the main pathogens that cause many serious diseases in humans,animals and plants.Antivirals are a class of drugs specifically used to treat viral infections.Although different virus replicate in different ways,infecting the human body has several stages in common,including entry,biosynthesis,assembly,and release.Virus of the same genus are highly similar in protein structure and sequence,so they can be used as common targets for antiviral drug development.This article reviews the processes of viral infection in humans and the targeted antiviral drugs designed for these processes,including inhibitors targeting the surface subunit(SfS)and transmembrane subunit(TmS)ofviral enveloped glycoprotein,viral entry inhibitors targeting host proteins,RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and RNA/DNA-dependent DNA polymerase inhibitors and virus protease inhibitors,in order to provide clues for the development of antiviral drugs for future epidemics.

关 键 词：抗病毒药物 新型冠状病毒感染 人类免疫缺陷病毒 中和抗体 

分 类 号：R978.7[医药卫生—药品]