洁净ICU微生物气溶胶和颗粒物水平及其影响因素  

Influencing factors for levels of microbial aerosols and particulate matters in clean ICU

作　　者：杨鑫[1] 霍欣欣 靳亚飞 何改花 戈伟 许文 张丽娜[1] 范珊红 YANG Xin;HUO Xin-xin;JIN Ya-fei;HE Gai-hua;GE Wei;XU Wen;ZHANG Li-na;FAN Shan-hong(The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,Shaanzi 71006l,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第一附属医院人才库,陕西西安710061 [2]空军军医大学第二附属医院疾病预防控制科,陕西西安710038

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2025年第1期147-150,共4页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：空军军医大学第二附属医院学科创新发展计划项目(2021JSGJ-007)。

摘　　要：目的评估三级医院洁净重症监护病房(ICU)空气中微生物浓度和PM≤2.5μm颗粒物数量及其与影响因素的相关性,为ICU内医院感染的发生和防控提供依据。方法使用随机数字表法选择不同工作日对洁净ICU进行10次采样,采样时间均为8:00~17:00,每小时采样1次。使用单级撞击式空气微生物采样器获得ICU内空气中的微生物浓度总数,用激光尘埃粒子计数器检测细颗粒物(PM≤2.5μm)的数量,同时对采样时间段内ICU温度、湿度以及人员数量等影响因素进行记录,采用SPSS26.0、Prism10软件进行统计分析。结果ICU空气中微生物的浓度范围为0~60CFU/m^(3),其中大厅的微生物浓度、PM≤2.5μm数量均随着工作人员总数、活动人数以及医疗气溶胶生成程序(AGP)操作数、患者入住率、急性生理与慢性健康Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分≥15分占比等因素的升高而升高(P<0.05),而与温度、湿度、机械通气人数等不存在相关关系。结论通过合理安排ICU内培训学习的人员数量、降低工作人员的活动频次、优化操作流程、将患者分区管理等可改善ICU内的空气质量。OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of microbial concentration and counts of PM≤2.5μm particulate matters(PM)in the air of clean intensive care unit(ICU)of a tertiary hospital with the influencing factors so as to provide bases for prevention and control of hospital-acquired infection in the ICU.METHODS The clean ICU was randomly sampled for 10 times on different workdays,the sampling time was from 8:00 to 17:00,and it was sampled once per hour.The total number of microbial concentrations in the air of the ICU was obtained by using single-stage impactor for air microorganisms,and the counts of PM≤2.5μm were detected by laser airborne particle counter.Meanwhile,the influencing factors such as temperature,humidity and number of personnel in the ICU were recorded during the time period pf sampling.Statistical analysis was performed by means of SPSS 26.O and PrismlO software.RESULTS The concentration of microorganisms in the air of the ICU ranged between O and 60 CFU/m^(3),and both the microbial concentration and PM≤2.5μm in the hall were increased with the growing number of staff,number of participants,operand of medical aerosol generating program(AGP),occupancy rate of patients and proportion of patients with the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE)Ⅱscore no less than 15 points,however,there was no correlation with temperature,humidity or number of mechanical ventilation patients.CONCLUSION The air quality of the ICU can be improved by reasonable arrangement of the number of training participants in the ICU,reduction of frequency of activity,optimization of operation procedure and partitioned management of patients.

关 键 词：重症监护室 气溶胶 颗粒物 空气质量 医院感染 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]