外源L-天门冬氨酸纳米钙对镉污染土壤理化性质及微生物群落分布的影响  

Effects of Exogenous L-aspartic Acid Nano-calcium on Physical and Chemical Properties and Microbial Community Distribution in Cadmium Contaminated Soil

作　　者：唐旭 田辉 张浩冉 柴国华 吴秀文 TANG Xu;TIAN Hui;ZHANG Haoran;CHAI Guohua;WU Xiuwen(College of Resources and Environment,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao,Shandong 266000;Laboratory Management Center,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao,Shandong 266000)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,山东青岛266000 [2]青岛农业大学实验室管理中心,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2025年第2期98-108,共11页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金“聚天冬氨酸钙强化油菜富集镉能力及提高其镉毒抗性内在机制”(ZR202102190565)。

摘　　要：为探究外源L-天门冬氨酸纳米钙(NPs-Ca)对镉污染土壤理化性质及微生物群落分布的影响,本试验采取盆栽试验的方法,对镉污染的土壤添加不同钙源,设置3个不同处理:不施钙(CK),施用氯化钙(Ca)和施用NPs-Ca(NPs-Ca)。本试验测定了土壤基础理化性质,镉总量及不同形态镉含量,为深入了解引起变化的原因,又通过高通量测序对土壤微生物群落结构和分布进行了分析。试验结果表明:与CK相比,施用CaCl_(2)显著提高了土壤水溶性钙含量,但并未对土壤pH、其他养分含量和不同形态镉含量产生显著影响,而施用NPs-Ca对土壤碱解氮,可溶性钙含量有显著提升作用,同时,有效降低了土壤总镉含量和有效态镉含量。NPs-Ca也对土壤微生物丰度有显著影响,使得变形菌门微生物相对丰度明显下降,对土壤和植物生长有着积极意义的放线菌门和厚壁菌门微生物占比显著增加。另外,值得注意的是,与CaCl_(2)不同,NPs-Ca的施入并未减少土壤微生物的物种数和多样性。本试验结果为NPs-Ca应用于修复镉污染土壤,丰富有益微生物丰度提供理论基础。To explore the effect of exogenous L-aspartic acid nano-calcium(NPs-Ca)on the physical and chemical properties and the distribution of microbial community in cadmium(Cd)-contaminated soil,a pot experiment was conducted with setting up 3 treatments:CK(no Ca application),Ca(CaCl_(2)application)and NPs-Ca(NPs-Ca application).In this experiment,the basic physical and chemical properties of soil,the total amount of cadmium and the content of different forms of cadmium were determined to further understand the causes of changes,the structure and distribution of soil microbial communities were analyzed by highthroughput sequencing.The results showed that compared with CK,CaCl_(2)application significantly increased the soil water-soluble Ca content,but had no impact on soil pH,other nutrient content and content of different forms of Cd.However,NPs-Ca application obvious increased the soil alkaline nitrogen and water-soluble Ca content,and effectively reduced the content of total Cd and available Cd in the soil.NPs-Ca also affected soil microbial abundance,resulting in a significant decrease in the relative abundance of Proteobacteria microorganisms,and a significant increase in the proportion of Actinobacteria and Firmicutes microorganisms that had a positive impact on soil and plant growth.Furthermore,unlike the application of CaCl_(2),the application of NPs-Ca did not reduce the number and diversity of soil microorganisms.The results provided a theoretical basis for the remediation of Cd contaminated soil and enrichment of the abundance of beneficial microorganisms by applying NPs-Ca.

关 键 词：镉污染土壤 L-天门冬氨酸纳米钙 土壤养分 镉 理化性质 微生物群落 土壤微生物 高通量测序 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学]