现代汉语反预期信息结构及其认知语用机制研究  

Counter-expectation information structure in Modern Chinese and its cognitivepragmatic mechanism

作　　者：李勇忠 白黎 Li Yongzhong;Bai Li

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学国际教育学院 [2]江西师范大学文学院

出　　处：《外语教学》2025年第1期28-33,共6页Foreign Language Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“基于语料库的汉英习语构式变异的社会认知研究”(项目编号:24BYY081);江西师范大学研究生创新基金项目“现代汉英反预期范畴的认知语用研究”(项目编号:YC2022-B096)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：本文重点探讨了现代汉语反预期信息结构的内部单元关系和外部模型变体,并对相关现象进行了认知语用阐释。首先,反预期信息结构的核心单元包括条件、预期和反预期,其中条件与预期是因果关系和类推关系,预期与反预期是否定关系,条件与反预期是架桥关系,分别体现了完形心理原则中的邻近性、相似性、突显性和闭合性。其次,基于CNKI数据和VOSviewer软件分析,本文发现反预期信息结构模型最为常见的变体是条件—反预期式和反预期独立式。这两种变体都能省略预期,这是常规关系、转喻、数量象似性和语言经济性协作的结果。This study investigates the counter-expectation information structure in Modern Chinese,involving the relationships between the information units,the variant models of the complete information structure,and their cognitive-pragmatic mechanisms.First,“condition”“expectation”and“counter-expectation”are the three main information units of the counter-expectation information structure.The relationships between“condition”and“expectation”involve causeand-effect and analogy,abiding by the principles of proximity and similarity in Gestalt Principles.While“counter-expectation”is the negation of“expectation”,conforming to the principle of prominence.And the connection between“condition”and“counter-expectation”is bridged by“expectation”,according to the principle of closure.Second,it is discovered that“condition+counter-expectation”and“independent counter-expectation”are the two most frequently used variant models of the counter-expectation information structure,based on the statistics on CNKI and the software analysis of VOSviewer.The default of“expectation”in these variant models is due to the collaboration of mechanisms like stereotypical relations,metonymy,quantity iconicity and language economy.

关 键 词：反预期信息结构 信息单元 认知语用机制 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]