高峰值功率2μm全光纤皮秒激光体外碎石研究  

Researchon in vitro fragmentation of high peak power 2μm all fiber picosecond pulse laser

作　　者：曹思远 招赫 夏童 宋伟华 张倩[1,2,3] 王秀红[1,2,3] 王璞[1,2,3] CAO Siyuan;ZHAO He;XIA Tong;SONG Weihua;ZHANG Qian;WANG Xiuhong;WANG Pu(Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laser Technology,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Key Laboratory of Trans-scale Laser Manufacturing Technology,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学北京市激光应用技术工程技术研究中心,北京100124 [2]北京工业大学跨尺度激光成型制造技术教育部重点实验室,北京100124 [3]北京工业大学物理与光电工程学院,北京100124

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2025年第1期108-119,共12页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(62035002)。

摘　　要：钬固体激光器因其高效、安全和适用性广泛,成为肾结石手术中最常用的激光器之一,然而钬激光在碎石手术中还存在碎石不充分、热效应大等问题。2μm超快掺铥光纤激光器以其覆盖水吸收峰的发射波长、高效的转化效率、良好的光束质量以及结构稳定等特点,有望在激光碎石领域解决以上问题。并且由于其高峰值功率、低脉冲能量的性质,有望在提高碎石效率的同时,降低周围软组织的热损伤。以线形腔SESAM锁模光纤激光器作为种子源,采用MOPA结构放大的方式实现了波长1 962 nm,脉宽~50 ps,峰值功率大于20 kW的高峰值功率皮秒脉冲激光输出,并进行了体外碎石研究。研究结果表明:在固定光斑直径下,当激光功率提高2.4倍时,结石质量损失最大可提升12.9倍;在固定激光功率下,当光斑直径减小2倍时,碎石质量损失最大可提升1.8倍。其中,在光斑直径200μm,激光功率12 W时,获得了最大的结石质量损失为(75.2±9.1) mg。2μm皮秒激光碎石的主要机理为光热效应,其中光热烧蚀和液体微爆两种作用同时存在。Objective Holmium laser in solid state has become one of the commonly used lasers in kidney stone surgery because of its high productivity,safety and wide application.However,there are some problems with lithotripsy of holmium laser,like pulverizing stones insufficiently or exerting thermal effects.Tm-doped fiber laser promises to solve these problems with laser lithotripsy because it has its specific emission wavelength,high conversion efficiency,good beam quality and stable structure.Because of its wavelength’s covering water absorption peak,high peak power,and low pulse energy,2μm ultrafast laser can increase the efficiency of breaking stones,and decrease the thermal damage to peripheral soft tissue.Therefore,2μm picosecond thulium doped fiber laser was constructed and in vitro studies were conducted to explore the effect and mechanism of 2μm laser lithotripsy.Methods Linear-cavity SESAM mode-locked fiber laser was used as seed source,and the amplification method of MOPA structure was applied.Thus the high peak power picosecond laser pulse was achieved,with the wavelength of 1962 nm,the pulse width of~50 ps and the peak power of over 20 kW,as shown in Fig.1-Fig.3.Set up a laser lithotripsy optical path device,as shown in Fig.4.Laser output was collimated through a lens with a focal length of 100 mm,and then residual pump light was filtered out using a dichroic mirror.Three mirrors were used to control the laser transmission trajectory,and finally operated a lens with a focal length of 50 mm to focus the laser.By adjusting the distance between the lens and the sample,controlled the laser to focus on the sample with spot diameters of 200μm,300 mm,and 400μm,respectively.Placed the stone in a culture dish,added water to a depth of less than 1 mm,and performed laser lithotripsy for 30-120 s,breaking it into small pieces as much as possible.Due to the ability of the human body to expel stones smaller than 2 mm on its own,a 2 mm sieve was used for continuous filtration of stone fragments.Then placed the stone

关 键 词：掺铥光纤激光器 皮秒激光器 激光碎石 激光碎石机制 

分 类 号：O439[机械工程—光学工程]