季节性运输波动下山区铁路工程弃渣回收物流网络优化  

Optimization of logistics network for railway construction waste slag recycling in mountainous areas under seasonal transportation fluctuations

作　　者：张得志[1] 罗湘钰 李翔 王煜恺 ZHANG Dezhi;LUO Xiangyu;LI Xiang;WANG Yukai(School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;Tianyou Beijing Railway Track Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100070,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410075 [2]天佑京铁轨道技术有限公司,北京100070

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2025年第1期89-101,共13页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72074073);国铁集团科技计划项目(N2023X022);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2021JJ30857,2021JJ31167)。

摘　　要：我国山区铁路工程建设桥隧比高、工程弃渣量大的特征使巨量弃渣的合理处置与利用成为铁路工程建设可持续发展亟待解决的关键问题。然而,季节因素会对山区铁路工程建设的物资运输能力与运价率等产生影响。基于此,考虑运输能力与运价率随季节波动以及弃渣的产出不确定性,研究山区铁路工程建设弃渣回收物流网络优化问题,构建多周期多产品弃渣回收物流网络多目标优化模型。该模型综合考虑物流网络的经济效益和社会环境效益,优化确定弃渣加工厂的选址与投资建设规模、采购与弃渣回收利用比例、弃渣运输路线规划与流量分配等,并采用Epsilon-约束法对模型进行转化和求解。最后,以长赣铁路工程项目为例,验证了模型有效性;对求解结果从多目标平衡和季节影响等角度进行结果分析;并对机制砂市场采购价格和运价率进行敏感性分析。研究结果表明:(1)社会环境效益权重较大的范围内,弃渣的回收利用有助于提高网络的经济效益;(2)弃渣的回收利用应主要安排在秋季,且当运价率上涨时可以将其他季节的弃渣回收行为转移至秋季以降低物流网络总成本;(3)政府可以通过政策颁布介入采购和运输市场以控制网络碳排放水平,主要对秋季运价率进行上涨控制以避免秋季碳排放量的突增。研究结果为我国山区铁路工程建设中的弃渣回收利用物流网络优化问题提供了有效参考。The high proportion of bridges and tunnels in railway construction in mountainous areas of China,as well as the large amount of engineering waste,make the reasonable disposal and utilization of huge amounts of waste a key issue that urgently needs to be solved for the sustainable development of railway construction.However,seasonal factors can have an impact on the material transportation capacity and freight rates of railway construction in mountainous areas.Based on this,considering the seasonal fluctuations in transportation capacity and freight rates,as well as the uncertainty of waste residue output,this paper studied the optimization problem of waste residue recovery logistics network in mountainous railway construction,and constructs a multi-objective optimization model for multi cycle and multi product waste residue recovery logistics network.This model comprehensively considered the economic and social environmental benefits of logistics networks,optimizes and determines the site selection and investment construction scale of waste residue processing plants,procurement and waste residue recycling ratio,waste residue transportation route planning and flow distribution,and uses Epsilon constraint method to transform and solve the model.Finally,taking the Changgan Railway project as an example,the effectiveness of the model was verified.Analyze the solution results from the perspectives of multi-objective balance and seasonal impact.And conduct sensitivity analysis on the procurement prices and freight rates of the mechanism sand market.The research results are as follows.(1)within the range of high social and environmental benefits,the recycling and utilization of waste residue can help improve the economic benefits of the network.(2)The recycling and utilization of waste should mainly be arranged in autumn,and when the freight rate increases,the waste recycling behavior from other seasons can be transferred to autumn to reduce the total logistics network cost.(3)The government can intervene in the procure

关 键 词：铁路工程建设 弃渣回收 物流网络设计 季节性运输波动 多目标优化 

分 类 号：O224[理学—运筹学与控制论]