均载组合式小轮径驮背车辆动力学特性分析  

Dynamics analysis of small wheel diameter humpback vehicle with uniform load combination and suspension optimization

作　　者：王洪昆 赵永翔[1] 祁亚运 曹玉峰 WANG Hongkun;ZHAO Yongxiang;QI Yayun;CAO Yufeng(School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;China Energy Railway Equipment Company Limited,Beijing 100011,China;School of Mechanotronics and Vehicle Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031 [2]国能铁路装备有限责任公司,北京100011 [3]重庆交通大学机电与车辆工程学院,重庆400074 [4]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2025年第1期332-343,共12页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2268211);牵引动力国家重点实验室开放课题(TPL2309)。

摘　　要：随着我国对节能环保的要求提高,利用铁路开展驮背运输有了新的需求,驮背车辆服役过程中曲线通过性能差,车轮磨耗问题严重,目前对驮背运输车辆的动力学等问题的研究并未系统开展。本文选用均载组合式小轮径转向架作为驮背车辆的方案,并利用simpack软件建立小轮径转向架车辆动力学模型,考虑模型中的非线性力元特性。然后利用动力学模型分别对新轮和磨耗到限车轮的车辆动力学性能进行分析,最后采用NSGA-2优化算法对小轮径转向架中的V形橡胶堆参数进行优化,进一步提升小轮径驮背车辆曲线通过性能,减小车轮磨耗。研究结果表明:小轮径转向架空、重车新造和磨耗到限的蛇行临界速度最小为95km/h。在所计算的速度范围和曲线、道岔工况下,车辆曲线通过性能和平稳性指标都满足GB/T5599—2019标准中的相关限值。利用NSGA-2优化算法对小轮径转向架中V形橡胶堆参数进行优化,优化后有效提升了车辆曲线通过性能,减小了车轮磨耗,优化后轮轴横向力减少11.87%,一位右侧车轮脱轨系数减少15.45%。在600m曲线半径上,一位左侧车轮磨耗深度减少42.85%,一位右侧车轮磨耗减少28.25%。V形橡胶堆参数对车辆动力学性能具有重要影响,通过设置合理的V形橡胶堆参数可以提升小轮径驮背车辆曲线通过性能,为小轮径转向架的设计和研发提供参考。As Chinese requirements for energy saving and environmental protection,there is a new demand to carry out the humpback transport,the problem of the poor curve passing performance and the serious wheel wear of humpback vehicles in operation.However,the dynamics of humpback transport transport vehicles are not systematically researched in China.This paper selected the even-loaded combined small-wheel-diameter bogie as a humpback transport vehicle.Then a small-wheel-diameter bogie vehicle dynamics model was established,which took into account the nonlinear elements in the model.Then the dynamic model was used to analyze the vehicle dynamic performance of new wheels and worn wheels,respectively.Finally,the Non dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II(NSGA-2)was used to optimize the V-shaped rubber stack parameters of the small wheel-diameter bogie.To further improve the curve passing performance and wheel wear of the small wheel diameter humpback vehicles.The results show that the empty and heavy vehicles,the minimum critical speed is 95 km/h.In the calculated conditions,the vehicle curve passing performance and ride indexes meet the relevant limit values of the GB/T 5599―2019 standard.Using the NSGA-2 algorithm to optimize the V-shaped rubber stack parameters,the optimized suspension parameter can effectively improve the curve passing performance of the vehicle and reduces the wheel wear.After optimization,the lateral force of the wheel axle is reduced by 11.87%,the derailment coefficient of the right wheel of the 1st wheelset is reduced by 15.54%.On the curved track with 600 m curve radius,the wear depth of the left wheel has decreased by 42.85%,and the wear of the right wheel has decreased by 28.25%.The V-shaped rubber stack parameter has an important influence on the dynamic performance of the vehicle,which can improve the curve passing performance of small-wheel-diameter humpback vehicles by setting a reasonable V-shaped rubber stack parameter,and provides a reference for the design and development of small whee

关 键 词：小轮径转向架 动力学特性 V形橡胶堆 悬挂优化 曲线通过性能 

分 类 号：U270.1[机械工程—车辆工程]