基于批次管理的铁路施工水泥库存控制研究  

Research on batch management-based inventory control of cement in railway construction

作　　者：谭雪 鲁晓春[1] 倪铮 TAN Xue;LU Xiaochun;NI Zheng(School of Economics and Management,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学经济管理学院,北京100044 [2]中国国家铁路集团有限公司,北京100038

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2025年第1期392-403,共12页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2024JBZX043);北京市社科基金资助项目(23JCC111);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科研项目(N2023Z014)。

摘　　要：铁路施工项目中混凝土搅拌站的水泥筒仓库存控制十分重要,考虑水泥独特的化学属性,需要建立具有批次管理以及数值离散的库存控制模型。以等箱法为基础,分别构建双等箱模型、多等箱模型,并针对其订货箱数不可变的特点进行优化,构建订货箱数可变的多等箱模型,对采用连续检查和周期检查2种情况进行讨论。通过考虑水泥筒仓的容量与水泥运输罐车的整数关系,更好地定制水泥筒仓容量,为铁路施工项目降低运营成本,并通过仿真模拟分析水泥筒仓的最优储备量、满足率和利用率。研究结果表明,多等箱库存优化模型适宜水泥的库存控制,水泥罐车容量倍数系数的加入会带来库存成本的非常规变化。相比于周期检查,连续检查策略在水泥罐车装载量较大的情况下更为适用。多等箱优化模型不会由于水泥筒仓的额外储备造成资金占用,且采用连续检查策略可提高水泥筒仓的利用率。在水泥拌合站设计时,应该对水泥筒仓容量进行合理规划,采用容量较小、数量较多的筒仓,以提高水泥筒仓利用率,降低库存成本。本文研究的等箱系统库存控制策略可以为铁路施工中其他罐体存储的物资提供一些建议。Effective inventory control of cement silos at concrete mixing stations in railway construction projects is crucial.Considering the unique chemical properties of cement,it is necessary to establish inventory control models with batch management and numerical discretization.Based on the equal-bin method,we constructed 2-equal-bin models and multi-equal-bin models.We optimized these models considering their fixed order bin numbers and developed a variable order bin model.Discussions were conducted on both continuous review and periodic review scenarios.By considering the integer relationship between cement silo capacity and cement transport tanker capacity,we tailored cement silo capacities to reduce operational costs in railway construction projects.Simulation analysis was used to determine the optimal reserve levels,fulfillment rates,and utilization rates of cement silos.The research results indicate that the multi-equal-bin inventory optimization model is suitable for cement inventory control.The introduction of a multiplier coefficient for cement tanker capacities results in unconventional variations in inventory costs.Continuous review strategy is more applicable when cement transport tanker capacities are larger.The multi-equal-bin optimization model prevents excessive capital tied up due to additional cement silo reserves and improves the utilization rates of cement silos.When designing concrete mixing stations,it is advisable to plan cement silo capacities appropriately,preferring smaller but more silos to enhance utilization rates and reduce inventory costs.The equal-bin system inventory control strategies studied in this paper can provide recommendations for storing other materials in tank bodies during railway construction.

关 键 词：库存控制 铁路施工 多等箱模型 批次管理 水泥物资 

分 类 号：C935[经济管理—管理学]