数字资本主义再工业化的可能性研究——一个基于美国案例的政治经济学分析  

A Study of the Possibility of Re-industrialization in Digital Capitalism--Analysis from the Perspective of Political Economy Based on the Case of the United States

作　　者：彭李政 Peng Lizheng

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济学院

出　　处：《经济学家》2025年第1期46-55,共10页Economist

摘　　要：进入数字资本主义阶段,数字经济成为资本主义推进再工业化的新的着力点。数字资本主义之所以推进再工业化,一是物质生产活动始终具有第一性,二是以数字技术为支撑的数字经济为再工业化提供了新发展机遇,三是数字资本主义社会长期发展的现实要求。当前数字资本主义依然处于去工业化加深的趋势中:制造业的获利能力持续低迷,数字技术的应用进一步导致制造业就业人数和就业岗位减少,金融资本与数字资本渗透融合对实体产业形成新一轮侵蚀。此外,数字资本主义再工业化面临四大困境:制度方面,数字资本主义生产资料私有制是固有限制;技术方面,数字技术赋能实体制造业转型升级存在困难和不确定性;运行模式方面,数字资本主义形成具有非生产性的“服务化”发展趋势;劳动力方面,零工劳动者相对过剩与制造业技能劳动者短缺的矛盾凸显。综上,数字资本主义短期内将难以实现再工业化。In the stage of digital capitalism,digital economy has become a new focus of capitalism to promote reindustrialization.The reasons why digital capitalism can promote re-industrialization include three explanations.Firstly,the material production activities have always been primary.Secondly,the digital economy supported by digital technology provides new development opportunities.Thirdly,this is a realistic requirement for long-term development of digital capitalist society.At present,the digital capitalism is still in the trend of deepening de-industrialization.Specifically,the profitability of the manufacturing industry remains weak,the application of digital technology further leads to the reduction of jobs and employees in the manufacturing industry,and the penetration and integration of financial capital and digital capital corrode the real industry.In addition,there are four difficulties for digital capitalist re-industrialization.In terms of system,the private ownership of the means of production is the inherent limitation.In terms of technology,the manufacturing industry faces difficulties in digital transformation and upgrading.In terms of operation mode,digital capitalism has a non-productive service-oriented development trend.In terms of labor,the contradiction between the relative surplus of gig workers and the shortage of manufacturing skilled workers is prominent.Taken together,it is difficult for digital capitalism to re-industrialize in the short term.

关 键 词：数字资本主义 去工业化 再工业化 数实融合 

分 类 号：F43[经济管理—产业经济] F49