数字化转型对跨国企业全球网络的影响——基于新OLI范式的研究视角  

The Impact of Digital Transformation on the Global Network of Multinational Enterprises——A Research Perspective Based on the New OLI Paradigm

作　　者：陈再齐[1] 李德情 Chen Zaiqi;Li Deqing

机构地区：[1]广东省社会科学院经济研究所

出　　处：《经济学家》2025年第1期75-85,共11页Economist

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“新质生产力驱动中国制造业全球价值链攀升的机理与路径研究”(24BJY102)。

摘　　要：跨国企业通过数字化转型来优化其全球网络,不仅是推动企业国际化高质量发展的应有之义,也是保障中国产业链供应链韧性和安全的微观基础。本文基于新OLI范式,以2007—2022年中国A股上市跨国企业为样本,实证研究数字化转型对中国跨国企业全球网络的影响效应和作用机理。研究发现,跨国企业数字化转型显著降低了全球网络集中度,促进全球网络多元化。机制分析表明,数字化转型赋能企业开放资源优势、联结优势和整合优势,通过推动企业实现开放式创新、优化供应链配置和增强动态能力,促进形成创新开放型多元化、供需联结型多元化和动态整合型多元化的全球网络。异质性分析发现,贸易摩擦导致的高系统性风险下,数字化转型对全球网络多元化的助推效果更加显著;在新技术民族主义冲击下,高技术行业的跨国企业利用数字化转型推动全球网络多元化的意愿更加强烈;相比于生产型和研发型子公司,数字化转型更易促进销售型子公司网络多元化。Multinational enterprises(MNEs)enhance their global networks through digital transformation,which is essential for high-quality international growth and for safeguarding the resilience and security of China's industrial and supply chains.This study,based on the new OLI paradigm and using data from Chinese A-share listed MNEs from 2007 to 2022,empirically investigates the effect and mechanism of digital transformation on the global network of Chinese MNEs.The study finds that digital transformation of MNEs significantly reduces global network concentration and promotes global network diversification.Mechanism analysis shows that digital transformation empowers MNEs to open up their resource advantages,connectivity advantages and integration advantages,and facilitates the formation of a global network of open innovation diversification,supply-demand connectivity diversification and dynamic integration diversification by driving MNEs to realize open innovation,optimize supply chain configurations and enhance dynamic capabilities.Heterogeneity analysis finds that digital transformation is more effective in boosting global network diversification under high systemic risk due to trade friction;MNEs in high-technology industries are more willing to use digital transformation to promote global network diversification under the impact of new technological nationalism;and digital transformation is more likely to promote network diversification of sales subsidiaries than that of productionand R&D-based subsidiaries.

关 键 词：数字化转型 网络集中度 企业国际化 新OLI范式 新技术民族主义 

分 类 号：F752.1[经济管理—国际贸易]