2个杏栽培品种需冷量差异的分子机制探索  

Investigation of Molecular Mechanism of Different Chilling Requirements Between Two Apricot Cultivars

作　　者：刘佳[1] 黄大荣 尧美英 刘硕[4] 张玉萍[4] 张国薇 LIU Jia;HUANG Darong;YAO Meiying;LIU Shuo;ZHANG Yuping;ZHANG Guowei(Horticulture Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610066;Science&Technology,Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau of Maoxian County,Maoxian,Sichuan 623200;Panzhihua Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Panzhihua,Sichuan 617061;Liaoning Institute of Pomology,Xiongyue,Liaoning 115009)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院园艺研究所,成都610000 [2]四川省茂县科学技术和农业畜牧局,四川茂县623200 [3]四川省攀枝花市农林科学研究院,四川攀枝花617061 [4]辽宁省果树科学研究所,辽宁熊岳115009

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2025年第1期33-41,共9页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：辽宁省新品种示范及轻剪栽培技术研发项目“新品种示范及轻简栽培技术研发”(2023JH1/10200005);四川省农业科学院科技成果中试熟化与示范转化工程项目(ZSSH_2024);四川省农业科学院与阿坝州院州合作项目“李子优质高效技术集成与推广”(YZHZ_2024);德阳市旌阳区农业农村领域重点研发项目(ZDYF_2024);四川省农业科学院人才基金项目“杏品种低温需冷量研究”(2020RCJJ)。

摘　　要：本研究探讨杏树发芽过程中对低温积累的需求,分析全球变暖导致的暖冬现象对杏产量的影响。以中国南方优质杏品种‘海棠红’及其芽变变种‘早艳’为研究对象,通过4℃处理550 h的转录组学分析,鉴定出3124个差异表达基因(DEGs),其中多与植物激素和蛋白质去磷酸化有关。通过观察低温处理下2个品种的枝条颜色发现,对低温需求量越低,品种耐寒性越强。研究表明,‘早艳’相较于‘海棠红’具有更低的低温需求,2个品种对低温需求量的差异可能与植物激素水平、转录后修饰有关。同时,2个品种表现出的可变剪切差异也可能与它们需冷量之间的差异有关。研究结果可为缓解气候变暖对杏产量的影响提供参考。This study explores the demand for low temperature accumulation during the germination process of apricot trees and analyzes the impact of warm winter phenomena caused by global warming on apricot yield.In this study,using the high-quality apricot variety‘Haitanghong’and its bud variant‘Zaoyan’from southern China as experimental materials,through transcriptomic analysis of 550 hours of treatment at 4℃,3124 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified,and many were associated with plant hormones and protein dephosphorylation.By observing the branch color of the two varieties under low-temperature treatments,we found that the cultivar with the lower chilling requirement was more tolerant to cold.These results suggest that compared to‘Haitanghong’,‘Zaoyan’has a lower low-temperature requirement,and the difference in chilling requirements between the two varieties may be related to plant hormones and post-transcriptional modification.And the reason for these differences of alternative splicing may be associated with the varied chilling requirement in the two cultivars.These results can provide a reference for mitigating the decrease of apricot yield under climate warming.

关 键 词：杏 全球变暖 低温需求 转录组测序 植物激素 转录后调控 耐寒性 差异表达基因 蛋白质去磷酸化 可变剪切 

分 类 号：S662.5[农业科学—果树学]