摩西球囊霉与强还原灭菌对黄瓜幼苗连作障碍的缓解作用研究  

Alleviating Effects of Glomus mosseae and Soil Reduction Sterilization on Continuous Cropping Obstacle of Cucumber Seedlings

作　　者：黄欢 樊娅萍 宋柏权[1] 王倡宪[1] HUANG Huan;FAN Yaping;SONG Baiquan;WANG Changxian(College of Modern Agricultural and Ecological Environment,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2025年第1期55-62,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究资助项目“丛枝菌根真菌对设施黄瓜枯萎病的防效研究”(12511403);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业(糖料)产业技术体系“甜菜养分管理与土壤肥料岗位专项”(CARS-170204)。

摘　　要：以橘皮为有机物料,添加量分别为土重的0%、0.25%、0.5%,对连作土壤进行强还原灭菌,然后采用盆钵试验的方法于灭菌的土壤上培育‘迷妮’水果黄瓜幼苗,育苗时接种摩西球囊霉,探究摩西球囊霉与强还原灭菌处理对土壤质量、幼苗生长、养分吸收及根际微生物数量的影响。结果表明,经强还原灭菌后,连作土壤有机质、碱解氮含量及pH均显著提高,其中,0.25%处理的土壤有机质、碱解氮与速效磷含量分别为灭菌前的1.05、1.10、1.90倍,pH较灭菌前上升了0.17。同时,摩西球囊霉对未灭菌土上黄瓜幼苗的生长具有明显的促进作用,未灭菌土上接种摩西球囊霉的幼苗叶面积、生物量、壮苗指数分别是相应未接种处理的1.29、1.25、1.44倍。0.25%处理土壤上未接种摩西球囊霉的幼苗叶面积、生物量分别为未灭菌土上接种摩西球囊霉处理的1.02、1.22倍。此外,无论土壤灭菌与否,摩西球囊霉均可以有效改善幼苗地上部钙、镁与铁营养水平,并使幼苗根际细菌数量增加而真菌数量下降。研究认为,未灭菌土上接种摩西球囊霉或强还原灭菌处理都能有效缓解连作土上黄瓜幼苗的生长障碍。Orange peel was used as organic material and the additive amounts were 0%,0.25%and 0.5%of soil weight respectively.The continuous cultivation soil was subjected to strong reduction sterilization,and then the‘Mini’fruit cucumber seedlings were cultivated on the sterilized soil via pot experiment.The seedlings were inoculated with Glomus mosseae during cultivation.The effects of G.mosseae and reduction sterilization on soil quality,seedling growth,nutrients uptake and rhizosphere microbial quantity were investigated.The results showed that the contents of organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and pH were significantly increased by reduction sterilization.Compared with non-sterilization,the organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus contents of soil treated by adding 0.25%orange peel were 1.05,1.10 and 1.90 times respectively,and the pH increased by 0.17.At the same time,G.mosseae significantly promoted the growth of cucumber seedlings on unsterilized soil,and the leaf area,biomass and seedling quality index inoculated with G.mosseae on unsterilized soil were 1.29,1.25 and 1.44 times more than those uninoculated with G.mosseae,respectively.The leaf area and biomass of seedlings grown on soil treated by adding 0.25%orange peel and uninoculated with G.mosseae were 1.02 and 1.22 times more than that on unsterilized soil inoculated with G.mosseae,respectively.In addition,regardless of soil sterilization or not,G.mosseae effectively improved the calcium,magnesium and iron nutrients status in shoots of seedlings,and increased the number of rhizosphere bacteria,while decreased the number of fungi.It was concluded that both inoculation with G.mosseae on unsterilized soil or strong reduction sterilization could effectively alleviate the growth obstacles of cucumber seedlings in.

关 键 词：摩西球囊霉 橘皮 强还原灭菌 黄瓜 连作障碍 缓解 养分吸收 根际微生物 

分 类 号：S471[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]