阿氏菌与CaO_(2)配施对设施土壤Si、K含量及番茄产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Bacillus aryabhattai and CaO_(2) on Silicon and Potassium Content of Soil in Facilities and Tomato Yield and Quality

作　　者：靖吉越 王梓 郭新送 崔秀敏[2] 曹庆 王光辉 朱福军 王杉杉 窦燕 杨春玉 JING Jiyue;WANG Zi;GUO Xinsong;CUI Xiumin;CAO Qing;WANG Guanghui;ZHU Fujun;WANG Shanshan;DOU Yan;YANG Chunyu(Key Laboratory of Humic Acid Fertilizer,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shandong Nongda Fertilizer Technology Co.,Tai’an,Shandong 271600;College of Resources and Environment,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an,Shandong 271018;Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Development,Feicheng City,Tai’an,Shandong 271600;Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Development,Rencheng District,Ji’ning,Shandong 272004)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部腐植酸类肥料重点实验室/山东农大肥业科技股份有限公司,山东泰安271600 [2]山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东泰安271018 [3]肥城市农业农村局,山东泰安271600 [4]任城区农业农村局,山东济宁272004

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2025年第1期105-111,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展专项资金“土壤耐盐功能微生物的定向挖掘技术与应用”(YDZX2022004);山东省重点研发项目“新型绿色农业投入品研发与示范”(2020CXGC010803)。

摘　　要：为探究阿氏芽孢杆菌(MB)解硅、钾能力及其与过氧化钙配施对设施番茄产量及品质的影响,采用田间随机区组试验设计,设置空白对照(CK)及MB 75 kg/hm^(-2)、过氧化钙450 kg/hm^(-2)(Ca-30)、过氧化钙900 kg/hm^(-2)(Ca-60)、过氧化钙1350 kg/hm^(-2)(Ca-90)、MB+Ca-30、MB+Ca-60、MB+Ca-90共8个处理,定量研究各处理对土壤有效硅和速效钾含量、番茄产量及品质的影响。结果显示,MB对土壤速效钾含量具有提升作用,与单施CaO_(2)相比,CaO_(2)与MB配施处理的速效钾含量均得到显著提高,以MB+Ca-60处理效果最佳。MB施用可显著提高土壤中有效硅含量;相反地,CaO_(2)投入则会降低有效硅的含量。在CaO_(2)施用的基础上施用MB,有效硅含量均显著增加(P<0.05),且均高于CK处理。MB和CaO_(2)配施可提高番茄产量,其中最低的为MB+Ca-30处理,最高的为MB+Ca-60。MB可显著提高番茄可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、维生素C含量,CaO_(2)可提高番茄可溶性固形物及可溶性糖含量;与CK相比,CaO_(2)与MB配施,可溶性固形物、可溶性糖及维生素C含量分别增加了9.18%~10.80%、13.68%~17.09%、8.46%~8.93%,可滴定酸降低了5.77%~11.54%。研究发现,CaO_(2)与MB配施可显著提高土壤有效硅和速效钾含量,提升番茄产量及品质。To investigate the ability of Bacillus aryabhattai(MB)to decompose silicon and potassium,and the effects of its combination with calcium peroxide(CaO_(2))on tomato yield and quality,a field randomized block experimental design was used,eight treatments were set,including blank control(CK),MB 75 kg/hm^(-2),calcium peroxide 450 kg/hm^(-2)(Ca-30),calcium peroxide 900 kg/hm^(-2)(Ca-60),calcium peroxide 1350 kg/hm^(-2)(Ca-90),MB+Ca-30,MB+Ca-60,and MB+Ca-90,to quantitatively study the effects on soil effective silicon and soil rapidly available potassium content,tomato yield and quality.The results showed that MB increased the amount of rapidly available potassium in the soil.Compared with CaO_(2) treatment alone,all treatments of CaO_(2) with MB increased soil rapidly available potassium content significantly,and the best effect was achieved with the MB+Ca-60 treatment.MB application significantly increased the effective silicon content of the soil,whereas CaO_(2) applications decreased the effective silicon content and the combination of CaO_(2) and MB significantly increased the effective silicon content in all cases(P<0.05)and was higher than the CK treatment.The application of CaO_(2) and MB increased tomato yield,with the lowest being MB+Ca-30 treatment and the highest being MB+Ca-60.MB treatment significantly increased soluble solids,soluble sugars and vitamin C content of tomato.CaO_(2) application increased the content of soluble solids and soluble sugars.Compared to the control,soluble solids,soluble sugars and vitamin C content increased by 9.18%-10.80%,13.68%-17.09%,8.46%-8.93%,and soluble acids decreased by 5.77%-11.54%with CaO_(2) and MB,respectively.The combination of CaO_(2) and MB can significantly increase the levels of effective silicon and rapidly available potassium in the soil,improving tomato yield and fruit quality.

关 键 词：阿氏芽孢杆菌 解硅 过氧化钙 番茄 品质 设施土壤改良 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]