玉米萌发期耐盐性评价及其杂种优势模式分析  

Evaluation of Salt Tolerance and Analysis of Their Heterosis Patterns in Maize during Germination Period

作　　者：赵绍赓 刘晓强[2] 王玉玺 徐佳睿 邓馨[2] 郑军[3] 王红武[3] ZHAO Shaogeng;LIU Xiaoqiang;WANG Yuxi;XU Jiarui;DENG Xin;ZHENG Jun;WANG Hongwu(College of Agronomy,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118;Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093;Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学农学院,长春130118 [2]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093 [3]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2025年第1期79-89,共11页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1200500)。

摘　　要：为评价不同玉米材料萌发期对盐胁迫的耐受能力,探讨不同类群杂交模式下玉米杂交种材料萌发期耐盐性,本研究采用160 mmol/L的NaCl溶液对152份玉米自交系和303份杂交种进行盐胁迫处理,同时以蒸馏水培养为对照,通过培养皿纸床培养法进行萌发期耐盐性鉴定。结果显示,盐胁迫处理显著降低了玉米材料的发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数。性状相关性分析发现,不同性状之间存在极显著的正相关。采用萌发期耐盐率,并结合聚类分析结果,将自交系和杂交种材料分别划分5个耐盐级别:Ⅰ级(高耐,自交系4份、杂交种17份)、Ⅱ级(耐,自交系19份、杂交种58份)、Ⅲ级(中耐,自交系47份、杂交种120份)、Ⅳ级(敏感,自交系33份、杂交种71份)和Ⅴ级(高敏,自交系49份、杂交种37份)。根据同源传递片段(IBD,identity-bydescent)分析结果,将146份自交系材料划分为8个类群,不同类群自交系材料耐盐性表现为欧洲母本群>混合血缘群>自330群>PB群>兰卡斯特群>塘四平头群>PA群>瑞德群。杂交种材料根据父母本材料类群的不同划分为23个杂交模式,其中欧洲母本群×PB群为萌发期对盐胁迫耐受性的最优杂种优势模式。进一步筛选得到4份高耐盐自交系材料和17份高耐盐杂交种材料。To evaluate the tolerance of different maize materials to salt stress during the germination period and to explore the salt talerance of hybrid maize materials from different hybridization patterns during the germination stage.This study used a 160 mmol/L NaCl solution to treat 152 maize inbred lines and 303 hybrid varieties under salt stress.Distilled water culture was used as the control,and salt tolerance during germination was identified using a paper bed culture method in a culture dish.The results showed that salt stress treatment significantly reduced the germination potential,germination rate,and germination index of maize materials.Trait correlation analysis revealed a highly significant positive correlation between different traits.Using the salt tolerance rate during the germination period and combining with the clustering analysis results,the inbred and hybrid materials were divided into five salt tolerance levels:Level I(high tolerance,4 inbred lines,17 hybrids),Level II(tolerance,19 inbred lines,58 hybrids),Level III(moderate tolerance,47 inbred lines,120 hybrids),Level IV(sensitive,33 inbred lines,71 hybrids),and Level V(high sensitivity,49 inbred lines,37 hybrids).Based on the analysis of identity-by-descent(IBD)segments,146 inbred line materials were divided into 8 groups.The salt tolerance of different groups of inbred line materials was as follows:European maternal group>Complex group>Inbred line 330 group>PB group>Lancaster group>Tangsipingtou group>PA group>Reid group.The hybrid materials are divided into 23 hybridization patterns based on the different parent material groups,among which European maternal group×PB group is the optimal heterosis pattern for salt stress tolerance during germination.This study identified the salt tolerance of inbred lines and hybrid materials,and selected 4 high salt tolerant inbred line materials and 17 high salt tolerant hybrid materials.

关 键 词：玉米 自交系 杂交种 萌发期 耐盐性 杂种优势模式 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]