TBM隧洞软弱围岩不良地质段卡机机理及脱困技术:以我国西北某供水隧洞为例  

The jamming mechanism and release techniques of TBM tunneling in weak surrounding rock sections:a case study of a water supply tunnel in northwest China

作　　者：张宝瑾 谭忠盛[1] 李林峰[1] 裴成元 Zhang Baojn;Tan hongsheng;Li Linfeng;Pei chengyuan(Key Laboratory for Urban Underground Engineeringof Ministry of Education,Bejing Jiaotong University,Bejing 100044,China;Xinjiang Shuifa Construction Group Co.,Lid.,Urumqi 830000,China;Xinjiang water Resources Development Inverstment(Group)Co,Ltd.,Urumgi 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学城市地下工程教育部重点实验室,北京100044 [2]新疆水发建设集团有限公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [3]新疆水利发展投资(集团)有限公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《土木工程学报》2024年第S1期29-35,共7页China Civil Engineering Journal

基　　金：中央高校基金科研业务费专项资金资助(2024 JBMC046)。

摘　　要：TBM(隧道掘进机)因具备安全、高效、快速等优势,已成为特长隧洞施工的主要工法。然而,在软弱围岩、断层破碎带和富水地层等不良地质条件下,TBM容易发生卡机现象,严重影响施工进度与安全。本文通过调研多个工程案例,尤其是我国西北某供水隧洞的实际情况,总结了三种典型卡机类型,系统分析了其机理,并提出相应的力学原理及防控措施。针对软弱围岩,建议刀具扩挖、减少扰动和快速支护;对于断层破碎带,强调超前探测和合理应对;而在富水地层,则推荐埋管引水和注浆堵水技术。研究表明,通过合理工程措施和先进技术手段,能显著降低TBM卡机风险,提高隧洞掘进成功率和效率。本文为TBM在不良地质条件下的施工提供了理论支持和技术指导。The TBM(Tunnel BoringMachine)hasbecometheprimary method for constructing long tunnels due to its advantages of safety,efficiency,and speed.However,under adverse geological conditions such as weak surrounding rock,fault zones,and water-rich strata,TBMs are prone to getting stuck,which severely affects construction progress and safety.This paper summarizes three typical types of jamming through the investigation of multiple engineering cases,particularly the actual situation of a water supply tunnel in Northwest China.It systematically analyzes the mechanisms of these jams and proposes corresponding mechanical principles and preventive measures.For weak surrounding rock,it is recommended to use cutterhead over-excavation,reduce disturbance,and implement rapid support;for fault zones,early detection and appropriate responses are emphasized;and for water-rich strata,pipe drainage and grouting techniques are suggested.The research indicates that through reasonable engineering measures and advanced technologies,the risk of TBM jamming can be significantly reduced,thereby improving the success rate and efficiency of tunnel excavation.This paper provides theoretical support and technical guidance for TBM operations in adverse geological conditions.

关 键 词：超特长隧洞 TBM掘进 软弱围岩 断层破碎带 富水地层 

分 类 号：U455.4[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]