基质模构,一种城市设计的整合性思维模型与景观学方法  

The Matrix Structuralization with Modules,an Integrative Thinking Model and Landscape Method of Urban Design

作　　者：杨超 YANG Chao

机构地区：[1]北京清华同衡规划设计研究院有限公司详细规划与实施分院,北京100085

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2025年第1期57-60,61-65,共9页Urban Development Studies

摘　　要：现代城市设计是塑造人工地表的主要渠道,但长期以来存在着与景观、建筑、基础设施相分离的普遍性的学科问题,亟需回归设计本体,借助景观学方法重建整合性的思维范式。基于景观生态学、景观都市主义和毯式建筑的理论基础,提出了“基质模构”的城市设计模型,并从结构的抽象性、要素的模块化、关系的自组织和空间的不定形四个方面探讨其构型机理,提炼出整体化、原型化和基础设施化三位一体的设计方法。最后以三种不同空间类型的在地实践为例,阐述基质模构的多元应用场景与具体操作策略。这一方法论作为景观都市主义在中微观城市尺度的实践模型,较资本驱动的空间生产范式更适用于创新驱动的社会场域构造,有助于推动设计学科由分到合的迭代趋势。Modern urban design is the main channel for shaping artificial surfaces,which has been separated from landscape,architecture and infrastructure for a long time.It has become an universal disciplinary problem and needs to return to design ontology to rebuild integrated thinking paradigm by using landscape method.Based on theoretical foundations of landscape ecology,landscape urbanism and mat⁃building,this paper puts forward the urban design model of module⁃composed matrix,and explores the configuration mechanism from four aspects of structural abstraction,modularity element,self⁃organization relationship and formless space,which can extract the design method of integration,prototype and infrastructure as a whole.At last,taking three local practices of three different space types for instance,multiple application scenarios and specific operation strategies of module⁃composed matrix are expounded.As a practical model of the medium⁃microscopic urban scale of landscape urbanism,this methodology is more suitable for the innovation⁃driven social field construction than the capital⁃driven spatial production paradigm,which could help to promote the iterative trend of design disciplines from division to integration.

关 键 词：景观基质 网格图式 原型 自组织 城市设计 景观都市主义 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]