不同牙槽骨高度下正畸牙移动的三维有限元分析  

Orthodontic Tooth Movement at Different Alveolar Bone Heights:A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis

作　　者：王婧[1] 杨天梅 张俭 马福娟 葛振林[1] WANG Jing;YANG Tianmei;ZHANG Jian;MA Fujuan;GE Zhenlin(School of Stomatology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学口腔医学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2024年第6期1130-1136,1153,共8页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

摘　　要：目的探讨不同牙槽骨高度下正畸牙移动的生物力学特点,为正畸临床治疗提供理论参考。方法建立牙槽骨高度正常以及降低1/3、1/2、2/3的4组下颌牙列模型。模拟下颌中切牙在不同载荷下进行舌向移动、远中移动、压低移动。分析牙齿牙周膜应力及位移的分布和变化。结果在3种移动中,随着牙槽骨高度的降低和矫治力的增大,牙颈部应力集中程度和牙周膜等效应力增加。同时,各观察点位移量和冠根位移差增大,牙齿倾斜移动趋势加重。当牙槽骨高度降低2/3,舌向及远中移动矫治力达150 g,压低移动达100 g时,牙周膜等效应力增大至最大,牙齿倾斜移动趋势最明显。结论牙槽骨高度的降低会加重牙槽嵴顶的应力集中及牙齿倾斜移动的趋势。对于牙周条件差的正畸患者,应根据其牙槽骨高度相应降低矫治力,确保正畸治疗的安全有效。Objective To investigate the biomechanical characteristics of orthodontic tooth movement at different alveolar bone heights and provide a theoretical reference for orthodontic clinical treatment.Methods Four groups of mandibular dentition finite element models were established:the normal alveolar bone height,and 1/3,1/2,and 2/3 reductions in height.The lingual,distal,and intrusion movements of the mandibular central incisor were simulated under different loads.The distribution and variations in periodontal stress and tooth displacement were analyzed.Results Under three movements,the degree of stress concentration in the cervical area of the tooth and the periodontal equivalent force increased as the alveolar bone height decreased and the orthodontic force increased.Meanwhile,the displacement at each observation point and the crown-root displacement difference increased,and the tendency for inclination movement of the teeth aggravated.When the alveolar bone height was reduced to 2/3,the orthodontic force under lingual and distal movement increased to 150 g and that under intrusion movement increased to 100 g.The periodontal equivalent force increased to the maximum value,and the tendency of tooth inclination movement was most significant.Conclusions A reduction in the alveolar bone height aggravates the stress concentration at the top of the alveolar ridge and the tendency for inclination movement of the teeth.For orthodontic patients with an inferior periodontal condition,the orthodontic force should be reduced according to the alveolar bone height to ensure a safe and effective orthodontic treatment.

关 键 词：牙槽骨高度 正畸牙移动 有限元分析 生物力学 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]