年龄对人体在不同方向转弯时身体动态稳定性的影响  

The Influence of Age on Body Dynamic Stability During Turning in Different Directions

作　　者：薄煜龙 车呈章 吴云枝 潘昱含 张翠[1,3] BO Yulong;CHE Chengzhang;WU Yunzhi;PAN Yuhan;ZHANG Cui(Graduate School,Shandong Sport University,Ji’nan 250102,China;School of Finance,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200433,China;Shandong Sports Science Research Center,Ji’nan 250102,China)

机构地区：[1]山东体育学院研究生教育学院,济南250102 [2]上海财经大学金融学院,上海200433 [3]山东省体育科学研究中心,济南250102

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2024年第6期1182-1188,共7页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(12102235)。

摘　　要：目的研究完成不同方向连续转弯行走时老年人与青年人身体动态稳定性差异,为老年人连续转弯时预防跌倒提供理论依据。方法使用三维动作捕捉系统采集15名健康老年人和15名青年人在逆时针和顺时针两方向8字转向行走时身体43个标记点的运动学数据,使用V3D软件提取人体步态和质心速度等数据,再计算特征时刻人体向前和内侧方向的动态稳度。结果与顺时针转弯相比,青年人在逆时针转弯时内侧腿步宽显著增大,内侧腿足尖离地时刻向前的动态稳度显著减小,而老年人以上指标差异无统计学意义。结论年龄和转弯方向会同时影响内侧腿足尖离地时刻身体向前的动态稳定性。与青年人不同,健康老年人在转弯行走时采取更谨慎的策略,以保持身体的向前和向内的动态稳定性。建议老年人日常生活中增加连续转向行走锻炼,从而提高侧向稳定控制能力及自信心。Objective To study the differences in dynamic stability characteristics between older and young adults during continuous turning and walking in different directions.Methods Fifteen healthy older adults and 15 healthy young adults were recruited to complete continuous clockwise and counterclockwise figure-of-8 walk.A threedimensional motion capture system was used to collect kinematic data based on 43 bone markers.The gait and velocity of the center of mass parameters were determined using V3D software.The margins of stability in both the anterior and medial direction at characteristic moments were calculated.Results Compared with clockwise turning,the step width of the inner leg increased and the anterior margin of stability of the inner leg at the toe-off instant decreased during counterclockwise turning in young adults.Meanwhile,there were no significant differences in the above parameters for older adults.Conclusions Both the age and turning direction affected the forward dynamic stability of the inner leg at the toe-off instant.Healthy older adults adopted more cautious strategies to maintain anterior and medial stability during continuous walking.It is recommended that older adults should increase turning training in daily life to improve their medial-lateral control capability and confidence in turning.

关 键 词：8字转向行走 动态稳度 连续转向行走 衰老 老年人 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]