一种新型环剪仪的研制及其应用  

Development and application of a novel ring shear apparatus

作　　者：陈琼[1] 崔德山[1] 张扬景皓 朱俊峰 CHEN Qiong;CUI Deshan;ZHANGYANG Jinghao;ZHU Junfeng(Faculty of Engineering,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China;Yongchang Science and Education Instrument Manufacturing Co.Ltd.,Changzhou Jiangsu 213300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)工程学院,武汉430074 [2]江苏永昌科教仪器制造有限公司,江苏常州213300

出　　处：《地质科技通报》2025年第1期205-215,共11页Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42277171);中国地质大学(武汉)实验技术研究项目(SJ-202209)。

摘　　要：研发一种测量并控制孔隙水压力的环剪仪能够获得试样受到的总应力、孔隙水压力和有效应力,从而有效地揭示试样应力-应变-孔隙水压力演化特征。采用自主研发的、可以控制排水条件的全自动环剪仪,实现了环剪过程中控制孔隙水压力,测量孔隙水压力、试样排水体积、扭矩和轴向位移等参数。以黄土坡滑坡滑带土为例,分别开展了固结排水环剪试验、固结不排水环剪试验、变孔隙水压力环剪试验和环剪试样渗透试验。试验结果表明:采用侧边密封+顶底部设置三通阀门的方式,可以保证环剪室承受0~1000 kPa的孔隙水压力;当下环剪盒底部进水阀打开并连接体积压力控制器时,可以控制孔隙水压力,测量某一孔隙水压力下试样排水或吸水体积,体积量程为0~200 cm^(3);当上环剪盒顶部出水阀打开并连接孔隙水压力传感器时,可以测量不排水条件下试样内部的孔隙水压力,其量程为0~1000 kPa。试验过程中,剪胀剪缩由轴向位移传感器来测量,其量程为0~10 mm;环剪力由高精度扭矩传感器测量,其量程为0~300 N·m。除了上述功能之外,结合新型环剪仪还可开展孔隙水压力动态变化对环剪强度的影响试验、固结或环剪过程中试样常水头渗透试验等。这种新型环剪仪可以精确地开展试样在大变形、不同孔隙水压力条件下的环剪试验,可以为揭示滑坡长距离滑动过程中孔隙水压力的演化机理提供技术支撑。[Objective]This study aims to investigate the total stress,pore water pressure,and effective stress of samples by developing a new ring shear apparatus capable of measuring and controlling pore water pressure,effectively revealing the evolution characteristics of stress,strain,and pore water pressure in the samples.[Methods]A self-developed automatic ring shear apparatus that can control drainage conditions has achieved the control of pore water pressure during ring shear tests,and measuring parameters such as pore water pressure,sample drainage volume,torque,and axial displacement.Taking the Huangtupo landslide slip zone soil as an example,consolidation drained ring shear tests,consolidation undrained ring shear tests,variable pore pressure ring shear tests,and permeability tests were conducted separately.[Results]The results demonstrated that the ring shear chamber withstands pore water pressure from 0 to 1000 kPa using a side seal and three-way valves at the top and bottom.When the inlet valve at the bottom of ring shear box was opened and the volume pressure controller was controlled,the pore water pressure can be controlled,and the sample drainage or absorption volume under various pore pressures can be measured.With the outlet valve at the upper ring shear box opened,and a pore water pressure sensor connected,the undrained pore water pressure was measured in the range of 0-1000 kPa.During the test,the shear expansion and contraction were measured by an axial displacement sensors,with range of 0-10 mm,while ring shear force was measured with a torque sensor up to 300 N·m.Additionally,the new ring shear apparatus can be used to conduct tests on the influence of dynamic changes in pore water pressure on ring shear strength,as well as the constant head permeability during consolidation or ring shear processes.[Conclusion]The novel ring shear apparatus can accurately conduct ring shear tests on samples under large deformation and varying pore pressure conditions,offering technical support for revealing the evol

关 键 词：环剪仪 环剪试验 变孔隙水压力 常水头渗透试验 滑带土 滑坡 

分 类 号：TU415[建筑科学—岩土工程]