人皮肤微生物和皮肤挥发性化合物在司法鉴定领域的应用研究进展  

Progress of research on application of human skin microorganisms and skin volatile organic compounds in forensic identification

作　　者：张婉雪 杜娟 董林沛 宋歌 李佳宜 任昕昕 卢庆彬[1,3] ZHANG Wan-xue;DU Juan;DONG Lin-pei;SONG Ge;LI Jia-yi;REN Xin-xin;LU Qing-bin(School of Public Health,Peking Universily,Beijing 100191,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院,北京100191 [2]公安部鉴定中心,北京100038 [3]北京大学重大疾病流行病学教育部重点实验室,北京100191

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2025年第2期315-320,共6页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3320700);北京市科技新星计划(20230484316)。

摘　　要：人体气味的多样性和复杂性源于体内多个部位产生的数百种挥发性化合物(VOC)的综合作用。作为人体最大的器官,皮肤产生的VOCs数量达到800余种,其主要来源于皮肤各部位的小汗腺、大汗腺和皮脂腺分泌的无味化合物,并通过与皮肤微生物相互作用而产生特定气味。人类皮肤的微生物包括细菌、真菌、病毒等,其在抵御病原体、增强免疫系统及分解天然产物方面发挥着关键作用。皮肤微生物与VOCs的相互作用在个体识别中具有较大的应用潜力。通过分析人体气味的VOCs构成和人体皮肤微生物特征,可以辅助刑侦工作中的个体和证物鉴定。目前,对于人体皮肤微生物和VOCs特征的应用仍存在样本提取、保存、检测方面的各类问题,通过建立科学操作标准及规范,开发高效、稳定的富集材料与富集装置,人体皮肤微生物和VOCs将更有效地服务于法医鉴定和刑事侦查工作,为推动司法公正提供科学支持。The diversity and complexity of human odor are attributed to the combination action of hundreds of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)produced in multiple parts of the body.The skin,as the largest organ of the human body,produces more than 80o types of VOCs,which mainly comes from the odorless compounds secreted by the eccrine glands,apocrine glands and sebaceous glands in various parts of the skin and produces specific odors through interaction with microorganisms on the skin.Human skin microbes,including bacteria,fungi and viruses,play a key role in defending against pathogens,strengthening the immune system and breaking down natural products.The interaction between the skin microbes and the VOCs has great application value in individual identification.The analysis of VOCs composition of human odor and the microbiological characteristics of human skin can assist the identification of individuals and evidence in criminal investigation.At present,there are still various problems in sample extraction,preservation and detection for the application of human skin microorganisms and VOCs characteristics.The human skin microbes and VOCs will more effectively serve forensic identification and criminal investigation and provide scientific support for promoting judicial justice by establishing scientific operating standards and developing efficient and stable enrichment materials and enrichment devices.

关 键 词：皮肤微生物 皮肤挥发性化合物 司法鉴定 气纹证据 

分 类 号：R751[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]