基于直流电压补偿的海上风电多端柔直送出系统惯量协调控制  

DC Voltage Compensation-based Inertia Coordinated Control of VSC-MTDC Integrated Offshore Wind Farms

作　　者：朱介北 史美琦 索之闻 俞露杰 李斌 ZHU Jiebei;SHI Meiqi;SUO Zhiwen;YU Lujie;LI Bin(School of Electrical and Information Engineering,Tianjin University,Nankai District,Tianjin 300072,China;State Grid Tianjin Chengdong Electric Power Supply Company,Hedong District,Tianjin 300250,China;State Grid Economic and Technological Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Changping District,Beijing 102209,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学电气自动化与信息工程学院,天津市南开区300072 [2]国网天津城东供电公司,天津市河东区300250 [3]国网经济技术研究院有限公司,北京市昌平区102209

出　　处：《电网技术》2025年第2期522-532,I0038,I0039,共13页Power System Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52207132,U23B20123)。

摘　　要：为实现海上风电-多端柔直送出系统(offshore wind farms+voltage source converter-based multi-terminal DC,OWF+VSC-MTDC)对主网的频率支撑,该文提出了一种基于直流电压补偿的惯量协调控制(DC voltage compensationbased inertia coordinated control,VICC)方案,通过改变MTDC直流电压建立海上电网与主网的频率联系,使海上风电机组感应到主网频率动态后,通过其附加的超级电容充放电来模拟同步机的惯量响应。依据网侧换流站中建立的有功功率-直流电压-频率(P-udc-f)双下垂控制,分析了OWFs惯量功率影响下的MTDC直流电压-主网频率的非线性耦合特征。基于此提出了依据本地信息量测的直流电压补偿控制方案,以抵消OWFs惯量功率对频率传递的影响,使风电场精确模拟主网频率动态,为主网提供精准惯量支撑。此外,该文构建了OWF+VSC-MTDC系统的小信号模型,并对关键参数进行了稳定性分析与优化。最后,在MATLAB/Simulink环境中搭建了包含OWF+VSC-MTDC的电力系统模型,在负荷投切和电网故障工况下对VICC方案进行了验证和评估。结果表明,VICC方案可以在无通信条件下精确耦合海上电网频率与主网频率,使OWFs通过VSC-MTDC为主网提供精准惯量支撑,显著提升主网的频率稳定。To realize the frequency support of voltage source converter-based multi-terminal DC(VSC-MTDC)-integrated offshore wind farms(OWFs)system to the main grid,this paper proposes a DC voltage compensation-based inertia coordinated control(VICC)scheme.The VICC establishes the frequency connection between the offshore grid and the main grid by changing the MTDC DC voltage so that the wind turbines can emulate the synchronous generators’inertia response through its additional supercapacitors charging/discharging after sensing the main grid frequency dynamics.According to the P-udc-f droop control established in the grid-side VSC,the nonlinear coupling characteristics of DC voltage and main grid frequency under the influence of OWFs inertial power are analyzed.Then,a DC voltage compensation control scheme based on local information measurement is proposed to offset the influence of OWFs inertial power on frequency transmission so that the OWFs can accurately emulate the main grid frequency dynamics and provide accurate inertia support to the main grid.In addition,a small-signal model of VSC-MTDC-connected OWFs is established,and stability analysis is implemented.Finally,a simulation model of VSC-MTDC connected OWFs is established in MATLAB/Simulink.The VICC is verified and evaluated under load changes and grid faults.The results show that VICC can accurately couple the offshore grid frequency with the main grid frequency without communication,enable OWFs provide inertia support to the main grid through VSC-MTDC,significantly improving the main grid frequency stability.

关 键 词：无通信 频率响应 惯量模拟 海上风电场 多端柔性直流输电系统 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]