甲氧咪草烟对向日葵列当的防治效果研究  

A study on the control effect of imazamox treatment on Orobanche cumana

作　　者：张之为[1] 伊海佼 孙学桃 解国华 王斐羽 张宇宽 杜磊 赵君[1] 张键[1] ZHANG Zhiwei;YI Haijiao;SUN Xuetao;XIE Guohua;WANG Feiyu;ZHANG Yukuan;DU Lei;ZHAO Jun;ZHANG Jian(College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center of Wuchuan County,Hohhot City,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot 011700,China;Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学园艺与植物保护学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市武川县农牧技术推广中心,呼和浩特011700 [3]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《植物保护》2025年第1期280-286,340,共8页Plant Protection

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划(2022YFYZ0007);国家特色油料产业技术体系(CARS-14-1-24)。

摘　　要：向日葵列当是一种寄生性杂草,严重影响向日葵的产量。为了有效防控田间向日葵列当的危害,本研究以抗除草剂向日葵品种为材料,在呼和浩特市武川县上乌兰村和乌兰察布市四子王旗公合成村研究不同剂量甲氧咪草烟滴灌处理对向日葵列当的防效。结果显示,甲氧咪草烟处理后,降低了向日葵列当的寄生率、寄生强度和寄生程度,增加了向日葵的产量。经过45.00、22.50 g/hm^(2)和11.25 g/hm^(2)甲氧咪草烟处理后,处理后20 d时上乌兰村向日葵列当的防效分别为100%、100%和93.32%,40 d时分别为100%、97.60%和82.35%,60 d时分别为71.50%、31.40%和14.76%;对公合成村向日葵列当的防效在20 d时分别为100%、100%和100%,40 d时分别为100%、99.31和96.29%,60 d时分别为78.81%、43.31%和11.47%。45.00、22.50和11.25 g/hm^(2)甲氧咪草烟处理后,上乌兰村向日葵产量分别比对照增加了72.73%、61.26%和13.83%,公合成村的产量比对照分别增加了70.68%、84.04%和61.89%。综上,45.00 g/hm^(2)甲氧咪草烟处理对向日葵列当的防效持续时间较长,同时增产效果最高。Orobanche cumana is a parasitic weed that seriously affects the yield of sunflowers.This study investigated the effectiveness of imazamox treatment in controlling O.cumana using herbicide-resistant sunflower variety as test material,with different dosages applied via drip irrigation in Shangwulan village and Gonghecheng village.The results showed that imazamox treatment reduced the parasitism rate,intensity,and degree of O.cumana while increasing sunflower yield.With imazamox treatments at dosages of 45.00,22.50 g/hm^(2),and 11.25 g/hm^(2),the control effects in Shangwulan village were 100%,100%,and 93.32%at 20 days,100%,97.60%,and 82.35%at 40 days,71.50%,31.40%,and 14.76%at 60 days,respectively.In Gonghecheng village,control effects were 100%,100%,and 100%at 20 days,100%,99.31%,and 96.29%at 40 days,78.81%,43.31%,and 11.47%at 60 days,respectively.Additionally,sunflower yield increased 72.73%,61.26%,and 13.83%in Shangwulan village and increased 70.68%,84.04%,and 61.89%in Gonghecheng village,respectively,compared to the control.In summary,imazamox at 45.00 g/hm^(2) provided prolonged control of O.cumana and increased sunflower yield.

关 键 词：向日葵列当 防治效果 除草剂 甲氧咪草烟 

分 类 号：Q453[生物学—生理学]