面向地基引力波探测频段的超低噪声激光强度噪声评估系统  

Ultra-low-noise laser intensity noise evaluation system in Hz frequency band for ground-based gravitational wave detection

作　　者：李响 王嘉伟[1] 李番 黄天时 党昊 赵得胜 田龙[1,3] ‡史少平 李卫 尹王保 郑耀辉[1,3] LI Xiang;WANG Jiawei;LI Fan;HUANG Tianshi;DANG Hao;ZHAO Desheng;TIAN Long;SHI Shaoping;LI Wei;YIN Wangbao;ZHENG Yaohui(State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics Technologies and Devices,Institute of Opto-Electronics,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics Technologies and Devices,Institute of Laser Spectroscopy,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学光电研究所,光量子技术与器件全国重点实验室,太原030006 [2]山西大学激光光谱研究所,光量子技术与器件全国重点实验室,太原030006 [3]山西大学,极端光学协同创新中心,太原030006

出　　处：《物理学报》2025年第3期127-134,共8页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:62225504,U22A6003,62027821,62035015,12174234,12274275,12304399);山西省基础研究计划(批准号:202303021212003,202303021224006);山西省重点研发计划(批准号:202302150101015)资助的课题。

摘　　要：引力波的直接探测打开了认识宇宙的新窗口,开辟了多信使天文学,各种天文事件产生引力波的频段涵盖范围较大,不同频段引力波的探测机理及方案不尽相同.目前,正在运行的地基引力波探测装置的探测频段主要集中在10 Hz—10 Hz范围,为达到探测灵敏度需求,要对激光强度噪声进行准确评估并通过光电反馈将其抑制到≤2.0×10^(-9)Hz-1/2@10 Hz以及≤4.0×10^(-7)Hz^(-1/)2@10 kHz.本文基于激光噪声机理分析,通过探究极小噪声评估方案,研发低噪声光电探测器,对比前置放大器不同放大倍数对信号的噪声耦合,编写上位机操控及数据处理程序,从而构建了低噪声高精度集成化激光强度噪声评估系统.实验结果表明,前置放大器以及动态信号分析仪的整体电子学噪声为3.8×10^(-9)Hz^(-1/2)@(10 Hz—10 kHz);光电探测器电子学噪声为1.4×10^(-8)V/(Hz)^(1/2)@10 Hz&8.1×10^(-9)V/(Hz)@10 kHz,通过标准正弦信号进行校准等措施,检验了评估系统的准确性.相关研究结果为制备高功率低噪声激光光源及引力波探测等领域提供了实验基础.The direct detection of gravitational waves has opened up a new window for understanding the universe and trailblazed multi-messenger astronomy.The frequency bands of gravitational waves generated by various astronomical events can cover a broadband range,and the detection mechanisms and schemes for gravitational waves in different frequency bands are different.For example,the ground-based gravitational wave detection has a frequency band ranging from 10 Hz to 10 kHz,which is based on Michelson interferometer.The space gravitational wave detection has a frequency band in a range of 0.1 mHz–1 Hz,which is based on space interferometer.The pulsar gravitational wave detection has a frequency band ranging from 1×10^(–9) Hz to 1×10^(–7) Hz,which is based on pulsar timing array.The next-generation ground-based gravitational wave project requires higher sensitivity to detect faint signals,necessitating an assessment system with minimal background noise to accurately measure the laser relative intensity noise.At present,the detection frequency band of ground-based gravitational wave detection devices in operation is mainly concentrated in a range of 10 Hz–10 kHz.To satisfy the detection sensitivity requirements,the laser relative intensity noise should be accurately evaluated and suppressed to≤2.0×10^(–9) Hz^(–1/2) at 10 Hz and≤4.0×10^(–7) Hz^(–1/2) at 10 kHz by photoelectric feedback.In this work,an evaluation and characterization system is constructed for ground-based gravitational wave band laser intensity noise,which is based on low noise and high sensitivity photoelectric detection device and combined with LabVIEW and MATLAB algorithm programming for instrument control and data processing.This low noise evaluation system is used to test the background noise of fast Fourier transform(FFT)analyzer SR760,preamplifier SR560,photoelectric detector electronic noise and intensity noise of homemade optical fiber amplifier,and then the data extraction and image processing are carried out by LabVIEW and

关 键 词：激光强度噪声评估 引力波探测 低噪声激光光源 低噪声光电探测 

分 类 号：P142.84[天文地球—天体物理] TN24[天文地球—天文学]