基于Shockley-Queisser模型的异质结太阳电池极限效率计算  

Shockley-Queisser theory based calculation of efficiency limit of heterojunction solar cells

作　　者：祝曾伟 张美荣 乔宝蓉 陈佳 杨慧永 周大勇 ZHU Zengwei;ZHANG Meirong;QIAO Baorong;CHEN Jia;YANG Huiyong;ZHOU Dayong(Gusu Laboratory of Materials,Suzhou 215123,China)

机构地区：[1]材料科学姑苏实验室,苏州215123

出　　处：《物理学报》2025年第3期230-239,共10页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金(产业前瞻与关键核心技术攻关项目)(批准号:BE2022021);苏州市碳达峰碳中和科技支撑项目(批准号:ST202219)资助的课题。

摘　　要：Shockley-Queisser(S-Q)模型定义的理想太阳能电池是光伏器件分析的一个重要里程碑.异质结太阳电池是光伏热门研究领域之一.本文基于光伏电池S-Q模型基础,针对异质结太阳电池空间势垒区能带不连续对光生载流子的输运存在的阻碍作用,修订S-Q模型中的假设,引入空间势垒区有限迁移率假设,推导异质结太阳电池光电转换方程,计算光电转换效率.5780 K黑体辐射、电池温度300 K条件下计算结果表明最高转换效率约为31%;异质结太阳能电池的开路电压可以超过窄带隙半导体的带隙限制;高迁移率、低串阻条件下,降低宽带隙半导体的光子吸收数目、增加窄带隙半导体光子吸收数目,异质结太阳电池存在效率损失.The ideal solar cell defined by the Shockley-Queisser(S-Q)theory is an important milestone in the analysis of photovoltaic devices based on some assumptions.One or more of the above assumptions are gradually avoided,and even exceed or approach the S-Q efficiency limit,so the development and improvement of S-Q theory is necessary.Heterojunction solar cells are one of the hot research fields in photovoltaics.In order to address the hindering effect of energy band discontinuity in the spatial barrier region of heterojunction solar cells on the transport of photogenerated carriers,the assumptions of S-Q theory based on the original S-Q theory of photovoltaic cells are revised in this work.The carrier mobility in the barrier region is assumed to be finite,and the infinite mobility in the S-Q model is abandoned.But the mobility in the N-type and the P-type neutral region are still infinite.The lumped relationship between carrier mobility and resistance in the barrier region is derived.Therefore,the physical process of charge transport is described in detail in this paper based on the continuity equation for semiconductors by considering the effect of absorption coefficients to prevent the quasi-Fermi level from crossing the conduction or valence band.Thus,the revised S-Q theoretical limit model of heterojunction solar cell is constructed.The diode equivalent circuit diagram is deduced and the photovoltaic conversion efficiency is evaluated eventually.The loss effects of charge transmission and band gap mismatch on the performance of heterojunction solar cells are analyzed in detail.The calculation results under the condition of 5780 K blackbody radiation and 300 K cell temperature with N-type wide bandgap(E_(H))and P-type narrow bandgap(E_(L))materials show that the highest conversion efficiency is about 31%with a hole resistance of 0.01Ω·cm^(2) and electronic resistance of 0.01Ω·cm^(2).The calculations show that the electronic resistance has a more negative and complicated effect on solar cell performance than hol

关 键 词：Shockley-Queisser模型 异质结太阳电池 迁移率 吸收率 

分 类 号：TM914.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]