肺炎支原体感染评价方法的比较研究  

Comparative Study on the Evaluation Methods for Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection

作　　者：李志强 王吉英[1,2,3] 袁厅[2] 王佳 韦艳娜 王玉格[1,2] 李少丽[4] 邵国青 冯志新[2,5] 于岩飞[2,5] LI Zhi-qiang;WANG Ji-ying;YUAN Ting;WANG Jia;WEI Yan-na;WANG Yu-ge;LI Shao-li;SHAO Guo-qing;FENG Zhi-xin;YU Yan-fei(Animal Medical College of Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410125;Veterinary Institute of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014;Animal Science and Technology College of Huaihua Vocational and Technical College,Huaihua 418099;Capital Institute of Pediatrics,Beijing 100020;Animal Medical College of Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物医学院,长沙410125 [2]江苏省农业科学院兽医研究所,南京210014 [3]怀化职业技术学院动物科技学院,怀化418099 [4]首都儿科研究所,北京100020 [5]南京农业大学动物医学院,南京210095

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2025年第1期110-119,共10页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(22B1055);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2022JJ50321);江苏省科协青年科技人才托举工程(JSTJ-2023-XH031);国家自然科学基金项目(32172860,32102675)。

摘　　要：【目的】以小鼠为动物模型,分析肺炎支原体感染(Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, MPI)的特性并对病变评价标准进行比较分析,为MPI统一评价方法的提出提供参考。【方法】利用BALB/c小鼠经滴鼻途径,两次感染5×10^(7) CCU的M.pneumoniae M129株,14 d后检测小鼠体重、肺脏大体病变、肺组织病理变化及其两种定量分析方法、肺组织病原载量、外周血T淋巴细胞亚群和血清中IL-6的表达水平等指标,分析M. pneumoniae感染特性并对病变评价标准进行比较分析。【结果】感染M129菌株14 d后,BALB/c小鼠血清中IL-6表达水平上升;肺脏出现明显的实变,肺组织切片可见大量中性粒细胞浸润,并可观察到肺泡间隔增厚。采用两种方法对肺脏病理切片的病变程度进行比较评分,发现美国胸科学会(American Thoracic Society, ATS)开发的肺损伤病理学评分系统相较于26分法能更为精细更加客观地反应肺部病变情况。感染导致小鼠炎症反应的发生并最终引起小鼠体重的显著降低。另一方面,肺部病原载量结果显示,M129株感染小鼠14 d后肺部病原载量极低;T细胞亚群流式检测分析显示,机体产生了偏向CD4^(+)T细胞的免疫,提示M. pneumoniae感染与机体免疫互相博弈,机体的免疫反应可能会逐渐清除肺部的病原。【结论】M. pneumoniae经鼻感染能导致BALB/c小鼠发生系统性炎症反应。对于肺组织病的评价,ATS肺损伤病理学评分系统相较于26分法更为精细客观,有利于不同研究之间的比较分析。【Objective】In this study,mice were used as animal models to analyze the characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection(MPI)and to compare and analyze the evaluation criteria of lesions,aiming to provide a reference for the development of a unified evaluation method for MPI.【Method】BALB/c mice were infected with the M.pneumoniae M129 strain at a concentration of 5×10^(7) CCU twice via nasal drip.After 14 d,the weight,gross lung lesions,pathological changes of lung tissue and two quantitative analysis methods,pathogenic load of lung tissue,T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood and the expressions of IL-6 in serum were detected.The infection characteristics of M.pneumoniae were analyzed and the evaluation criteria of lesions were compared and analyzed.【Result】After 14 d of infection with M129 strain,the level of IL-6 in BALB/c mice serum increased;significant consolidation occurred in the lungs,a large number of neutrophil infiltrates were observed in lung tissue sections,and alveolar septal thickening was observed.Two methods were used to compare the degree of lung lesions in lung pathological sections,and it was found that the pathological scoring system for lung injury proposed by the American Thoracic Society(ATS)reflected lung lesions more finely and objectively than the 26-score method.Infection led to the development of inflammatory responses in mice and eventually caused a significant reduction in mice body weight.On the other hand,the results of lung pathogen load showed that the lung pathogen load of mice infected with M129 strain was very low after 14 d.Flow cytometry analysis of T cell subsets showed that the body produced immunity biased towards CD4^(+)T cells,suggesting that M.pneumoniae infection and body immunity play a mutual game,and the body's immune response may gradually clear the lung pathogen.【Conclusion】M.pneumoniae causes systemic inflammation via nasal drip in BALB/c mice.ATS lung injury pathology scoring system is more precise and objective than the 26-score method

关 键 词：肺炎支原体 小鼠感染模型 肺脏病变 病理评分系统 免疫清除 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统]