絮凝剂在工业废水处理中的研究进展  

Research Progress of Flocculants in Industrial Wastewater Treatment

作　　者：蔡淀江 李亚斌 赵霞[1] CAI Dianjiang;LI Yabin;ZHAO Xia(School of Petrochemical Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学石油化工学院,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《净水技术》2025年第1期33-44,共12页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(22166023);甘肃省产业支撑项目(2023CYZC-30);重点研发计划创新方法工作专项(SQ2020IM030400)。

摘　　要：【目的】文章全面综述了絮凝剂在工业废水处理中的研究与应用进展,特别着重于解决工业废水中的难降解污染物,尤其是重金属离子的处理问题。这一研究对于保护水环境、减少环境污染、实现资源的回收再利用具有重要意义,为工业废水处理提供科学的理论依据和技术支持,以期达到更高效、环保的处理效果。【方法】文章综合介绍了无机、有机、微生物及复合絮凝剂的分类、特性,并深入分析了它们在电镀、冶金、医药等行业废水处理中的应用效果。研究采用了化学改性、絮凝剂组合等方法来提升处理效率,同时探讨了絮凝剂的作用机理。【结果】研究发现,通过化学改性和絮凝剂组合可以显著提高处理效率,例如聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)在模拟废水中的Cu(Ⅱ)去除率高达98.7%,微生物絮凝剂GA1对Pb(NO_(3))_(2)的去除效率达到99.8%。此外,复合絮凝剂在提高去除效率、降低成本方面展现出潜力。【结论】未来的研究应关注絮凝剂的环境影响评估、资源回收利用、环保型絮凝剂的开发以及针对特定污染物的高效絮凝剂设计。这些研究方向将有助于实现工业废水的高效处理和资源的可持续利用,对环境保护和工业可持续发展具有重要意义。综述为工业废水处理领域提供了宝贵的参考信息,有助于推动环保型絮凝剂的开发和应用,以实现工业废水处理的绿色化和高效化。[Objective]This paper comprehensively reviews the research and application progress of flocculants in industrial wastewater treatment,with a particular focus on solving the problem of difficult to degrade pollutants in industrial wastewater,especially heavy metal ions.This research is of great significance for protecting the water environment,reducing environmental pollution,and achieving resource recycling and reuse.It provides scientific theoretical basis and technical support for industrial wastewater treatment,in order to achieve more efficient and environmentally friendly treatment effects.[Methods]The paper comprehensively introduces the classification and characteristics of inorganic,organic,microbial,and composite flocculants,and deeply analyzes their application effects in wastewater treatment in industries such as electroplating,metallurgy,and pharmaceuticals.The study adoptes methods such as chemical modification and flocculant combination to improve treatment efficiency,while exploring the mechanism of flocculant action.[Results]The study finds that the treatment efficiency can be significantly improved through chemical modification and flocculant combination,for example,polyacrylamide(PAM)achieved a Cu(Ⅱ)removal rate of up to 98.7%in simulated wastewater,and microbial removal rate reached 98.7%in simulated wastewater.The removal efficiency of flocculant GA1 for Pb(NO_(3))_(2) reach 99.8%.In addition,composite flocculants have shown potential in improving removal efficiency and reducing costs.[Conclusion]Future research should focus on the environmental impact assessment of flocculants,resource recycling,development of environmentally friendly flocculants,and efficient flocculant design for specific pollutants.These research directions will help achieve efficient treatment of industrial wastewater and sustainable utilization of resources,which is of great significance for environmental protection and sustainable industrial development.This review provides valuable reference information for the field

关 键 词：无机絮凝剂 有机絮凝剂 微生物絮凝剂 复合絮凝剂 工业废水 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]