中水补源对华山湖水环境影响的模拟  

Simulation of Effect of Reclaimed Water as Water Source Compensation on Water Environment in Huashan Lake

作　　者：宋新桐 孙绍芳 王嘉斌[1] 张广鲁 SONG Xintong;SUN Shaofang;WANG Jiabin;ZHANG Guanglu(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,University of Jinan,Jinan 250002,China;Jinan Urban Construction Group Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]济南大学土木建筑学院,山东济南250002 [2]济南城市建设集团有限公司,山东济南250014

出　　处：《净水技术》2025年第1期144-154,共11页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52100088)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究中水补源对华山湖水环境的影响。【方法】文章以华山湖为研究对象,构建了华山湖水动力和水质数值模型,模拟研究了其水体流动和水质变化规律,分析了污水厂出水补源对华山湖水质的影响,并预测分析了夏季高温与冬季低温环境对华山湖水体环境的影响。【结果】经实际取样检验,模拟结果与实测结果的相对误差在0.02%以内;水动力模拟分析发现华山湖水流结构呈现出以风生流为主的水动力特性,污水厂出水补源流速偏小,污染物扩散条件不佳,进水口附近存在污染物高浓度集聚的风险;输入污染物在水体中形成了较明显的水力扩散浓度梯度分布特征,浅水湖泊水生植物生长优势及其更佳的复氧效率提升了水体的自净能力;整个水域的化学需氧量(COD_(Cr))和氨氮浓度,99%水域的总氮(TN)浓度,75%水域的总磷(TP)浓度可达到地表Ⅲ类水标准;模拟夏季高温环境下COD_(Cr)、氨氮、TN和TP的浓度均低于冬季低温模拟环境,COD_(Cr)、氨氮、TN和TP浓度均呈现下降趋势;冬季低温环境补源输入污染物浓度在水体自净能力的可调节范围内,不会引起水体环境的恶化。【结论】MIKE21模型适用于具备典型浅水型静水湖泊特征的华山湖水体,可对其水动力和污染物浓度分布状况进行较为精确的模拟分析;污水厂出水补源不能形成有效推流作用,水体交换能力弱;华山湖水体可以有效降解补源输入的污染物,季节与气候因素是影响浅水型静水湖泊自净能力的关键因素。[Objective]Exploring the effect of reclaimed water as water source compensation on water environment in Huashan Lake.[Methods]In this paper,taking Huashan Lake as the research object,a numerical model of hydrodynamics and water quality of Huashan Lake was constructed,and the law of water flow and water quality change was simulated.The impact of high temperature in summer and low temperature in winter on the water environment of Huashan Lake was predicted and analyzed.[Results]After actual sampling and inspection,the relative error between the simulation results and the actual measurement results was within 0.02%.The hydrodynamic simulation analysis found that the water flow structure of Huashan Lake present a hydrodynamic characteristic dominated by wind-induced flow.The flow rate of the effluent from the wastewater treatment plant was relatively small,the pollutant diffusion conditions were not good,and there was a risk of high concentration of pollutants near the water inlet.The input pollutants formed a relatively obvious hydraulic diffusion concentration gradient distribution characteristic in the water body.The growth advantages of aquatic plants in shallow lakes and their better re-oxygenation efficiency improved the self-purification ability of the water body.The concentration of chemical oxygen demand(COD_(Cr))and ammonia nitrogen in the entire water area,the concentration of total nitrogen(TN)in 99%of the water area,and the concentration of total phosphorus(TP)in 75%of the water area could meet the classⅢwater standard of the surface water environmental quality standard.The concentrations of COD_(Cr),ammonia nitrogen,TN and TP in the simulated high-temperature environment in summer were all lower than those in the simulated low-temperature environment in winter,and the concentrations of COD_(Cr),ammonia nitrogen,TN and TP all showed a downward trend.The concentration of input pollutants from the low-temperature environment in winter was within the adjustable range of the self-purification capacity of t

关 键 词：MIKE21 水动力模拟 水质模拟 浅水型湖泊 中水补源 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]