无偿单采血小板供者与多次输血住院患者血小板抗体检测结果分析  

Analysis of platelet antibody test results of unpaid apheresis platelet donors and multiple blood transfusion hospitalized patients

作　　者：杨松[1] 邹韬[1] 胡红梅 陈臻[1] 黄文岳[1] 左亚平 袁学文[2] YANG Song;ZOU Tao;HU Hongmei;CHEN Zhen;HUANG Wenyue;ZUO Yaping;YUAN Xuewen(Blood Transfusion Laboratory,Nanchong Red Cross Blood Centre,Nanchong,Sichuan 637000,China;Department of Blood Transfusion,Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong,Sichuan 637000,China)

机构地区：[1]南充市红十字中心血站输血研究室,四川南充637000 [2]川北医学院附属医院输血科,四川南充637000

出　　处：《医药前沿》2025年第4期144-146,共3页Journal of Frontiers of Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析无偿单采血小板供者和多次输血住院患者的血小板抗体检测结果。方法选取2018年10月—2020年6月南充市红十字中心血站992名无偿单采血小板供者和2020年6—12月川北医学院附属医院收治的538例多次输血住院患者作为研究对象,采集3 mL静脉血,采用固相凝集法进行血小板抗体检测,分别比较两组人群不同性别血小板抗体阳性率情况及不同临床科室多次输血住院患者血小板抗体阳性率情况。结果无偿单采血小板供者及多次输血住院患者中,女性血小板抗体阳性率均高于男性;排名前10位临床科室多次输血住院患者血小板抗体阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论建议采供血机构对有多次妊娠史的女性无偿单采血小板供者常规开展血小板抗体筛查,医疗机构对多次输血患者输注血小板前先进行血小板抗体筛查及配型,而后进行相合输注,以预防血小板输注无效,避免血液资源的浪费。Objective To analyze the platelet antibody test results of unpaid apheresis platelet donors and multiple blood transfusion hospitalized patients.Methods A total of 992 cases of unpaid apheresis platelet donors of Nanchong Red Cross Blood Centre from October 2018 to June 2020 and 538 cases of multiple blood transfusion hospitalized patients admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from June to December 2020 were selected as the study subjects.3 mL of venous blood was collected,and platelet antibody detection was performed by solid-phase agglutination method.The positive rates of platelet antibodies in the two groups were compared between different genders and hospitalized patients for multiple blood transfusions in different clinical departments.Results The positive rate of platelet antibody in women was higher than that in men in unpaid apheresis platelet donors and hospitalized patients with multiple blood transfusions;there was a statistically significant difference in the positive rate of platelet antibody among hospitalized patients with multiple blood transfusions in the top 10 clinical departments(P<0.05).Conclusions It is suggested that blood collection and supply institutions should routinely carry out platelet antibody screening for female unpaid apheresis platelet donors with multiple pregnancy history.Before platelet transfusion in patients with multiple blood transfusions,platelet antibody screening and matching should be carried out first,and then compatible transfusion should be carried out to prevent the ineffective platelet transfusion and avoid the waste of blood resources.

关 键 词：血小板 抗体 阳性 献血者 固相凝集法 输血 住院患者 

分 类 号：R558[医药卫生—血液循环系统疾病]