智慧健康养老与医疗费用——来自智慧健康养老示范基地的证据  

Smart Elderly Health Care and Medical Expenses:Evidence from theSmart Elderly Health Care Demonstration Sites

作　　者：解垩[1] 杨玉琪 Xie E;Yang Yuqi(School of Economics,Shandong University)

机构地区：[1]山东大学经济学院

出　　处：《管理世界》2025年第1期108-126,共19页Journal of Management World

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“共同富裕视角下培育内生动力解决相对贫困的长效机制研究”(基金号:23VRC035);国家自然科学基金重点专项项目“基于人口结构变化的税制结构优化路径研究”(基金号:72442003);国家自然科学基金面上项目“相对贫困的财税治理研究”(基金号:72073081);山东省自然科学基金项目“人口结构转变对收入分配的影响研究”(基金号:ZR2024MG017);国家级领军人才山东省配套支持项目“收入分配问题研究”(基金号:SDRC003);山东省社科规划特别委托重大项目“共同富裕视角下收入分配研究”(基金号:24AWTJ21);山东大学人文社会科学研究重大项目“防止返贫的政策研究”(基金号:23RWZD14)的资助。

摘　　要：中国已进入深度老龄化社会并伴随着医疗费用的持续攀升,智慧健康养老作为“互联网+医疗健康”下的新型养老模式能否降低老年医疗费用从而实现医疗减负?本文构建世代交叠模型,基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2012~2020年5期面板数据,使用多期双重差分法检验智慧健康养老对医疗费用的影响。研究发现:智慧健康养老试点政策使老年人住院概率降低了3.84%,使住院费用、门诊费用、总医疗费用和自费医疗费用分别降低了31.26%、57.65%、63.91%、47.53%,在经过一系列稳健性检验后,此结论仍然成立。机制分析发现,智慧健康养老通过降低交通成本、加强慢性病管理、增加预防性锻炼等方式降低医疗费用,但是其促进“享老”发展的作用还有待提高。异质性分析发现,智慧健康养老提供生活照料、健康管理和情感陪护等服务;智慧健康养老的发展满足“普惠型养老服务”的要求,对不同人群特征和地区特征的老年群体均发挥了医疗减负作用。本文研究结论为积极应对人口老龄化和减轻老年人医疗负担提供了有益参考。As China's aging population escalates healthcare costs,this paper explores whether smart elderly health care—a novel"In⁃ternet+Healthcare"model—can reduce medical expenses and alleviate healthcare burdens.The study employs an overlapping generations model and a staggered difference-in-differences(DID)approach,utilizing data from the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)spanning from 2012 to 2020 to evaluate the policy's impact on medical costs.The analysis reveals that pilot policies for smart elderly health care reduced elderly hospitalization rates by 3.84%and significantly lowered inpatient costs,outpatient costs,total medical expenses,and out-of-pocket expenses by 31.26%,57.65%,63.91%,and 47.53%,respectively.After a series of robustness tests,this conclusion still holds.The study identifies key mechanisms,including lowering transportation costs,improving chronic disease management,and encouraging preventive exer⁃cise,though its potential to foster"enjoyable aging"remains limited.Further analysis highlights its effectiveness in reducing healthcare bur⁃dens across diverse demographic and regional elderly populations through essential services such as daily care,health management,and emotional support,aligning with the goals of"all-inclusive elderly care services".These findings offer valuable insights for addressing pop⁃ulation aging and mitigating healthcare challenges in aging societies.

关 键 词：智慧健康养老 医疗费用 普惠型养老服务 

分 类 号：D66[政治法律—政治学]