齐齐哈尔4月两次10 mm以上降水过程对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Two Precipitation Processes of over 10 mm in Qiqihar in April

作　　者：孙源 刘兴丽[2] 刘长成 祝玉梅 陈畅 李雯婧 SUN Yuan;LIU Xing-li;LIU Chang-cheng;ZHU Yu-mei;CHEN Chang;LI Wen-jing(Qiqihar Meteorological Bureau,Heilongjiang Qiqihar 161000;Meteorological Data Center of Heilongjiang Province,Heilongjiang Harbin 150030)

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔市气象局,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161000 [2]黑龙江省气象数据中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《黑龙江气象》2024年第4期12-16,33,共6页Heilongjiang Meteorology

摘　　要：本研究基于常规气象资料,对比分析齐齐哈尔2021年4月11-12日暴雪事件与2022年4月29-30日10 mm以上雨夹雪天气过程,以揭示春季暴雪的关键影响因素。研究发现,这两次较大降水天气过程均在高空槽或冷涡以及地面低压的影响下发生的,主要降水时段出现在冷空气南下、低层两条切变线交汇的过程中,在切变线交汇的区域降水量较大。冷锋后部冷气团一侧为强降水落区。低空西南急流形成的水汽输送通道为春季暴雪提供充足的水汽供应。水汽辐合加强预示着降水增强。露点温度与层结温度几乎重合,说明大气整层空气接近饱和,水汽比较充沛,有利于强降水产生。This study is based on conventional meteorological data to compare and analyze the blizzard events in Qiqihar from April 11th to 12th,2021 with the sleet weather processes of over 10 mm on April 29th to 30th,2022,in order to reveal the key influencing factors of spring blizzards.Research has found that both of these heavy precipitation weather processes occurred under the influence of high-altitude troughs or cold eddies,as well as surface low pressure.The main precipitation period occurred during the southward movement of cold air and the intersection of two shear lines in the lower atmosphere,with greater precipitation in the area where the shear lines intersect.One side of the cold air mass behind the cold front is an area of heavy precipitation.The water vapor transport channel formed by the low-level southwest jet stream provides sufficient water vapor supply for spring blizzards.The strengthening of water vapor convergence indicates an increase in precipitation.The dew point temperature almost coincides with the layer temperature,indicating that the entire atmosphere is close to saturation and the water vapor is relatively abundant,which is conducive to the generation of heavy precipitation.

关 键 词：暴雪 冷涡 冷锋 

分 类 号：P458.121[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]