基于RSM和NSGA-Ⅱ算法的同轴送粉氩弧熔覆工艺参数分析  

Process parameters analysis of coaxial powder feeding argon arc cladding based on RSM and NSGA-II algorithm

作　　者：张楷 高辉[1] 林渊浩 邵明启 ZHANG Kai;GAO Hui;LIN Yuanhao;SHAO Mingqi(Engineering Research Center for Advanced Energy Connection Technology in Beijing University,Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology,Beijing,102617,China)

机构地区：[1]北京石油化工学院,能源先进连接技术北京高校工程研究中心,北京102617

出　　处：《焊接学报》2024年第12期106-116,共11页Transactions of The China Welding Institution

基　　金：北京市属高校分类发展项目—面向北京高端制造业的高水平应用型科研成果孵化转化平台建设(11000023T000002199202)。

摘　　要：为提高再修复工件表面熔覆层的质量与性能,采用自主研发的同轴送粉钨极氩弧熔覆系统,在316L不锈钢表面进行了纳米SiC增强耐磨涂层的氩弧熔覆试验,针对多因素交互影响作用下,工艺参数难以寻优的问题,提出了一种RSM与NSGA-Ⅱ算法集成的工艺参数多目标优化方法.该方法以单位热输入量、送粉量和SiC质量分数为输入因素,显微硬度、熔深和稀释率为响应指标,通过响应曲面法建立熔覆层质量与工艺参数之间的回归模型,探究工艺参数对熔覆层质量的交互影响,使用NSGA-Ⅱ算法寻得最优工艺参数组合,对最优工艺参数条件下制备的试样进行熔覆层质量对比与组织形貌观察.结果表明,最优参数组合为单位热输入量17.82 W/(mm·min^(−1)),送粉量8 g/mm,SiC质量分数2%,该条件下的试样显微硬度增大了9.9%,熔深降低了31.9%,稀释率降低了22.4%,熔覆层形貌良好无缺陷,顶部区域为均匀细小的等轴状晶粒.In order to improve the quality and performance of the cladding layer on the surface of the re-repaired workpiece,the argon arc cladding experiment of Nano-SiC reinforced wear-resistant coating was carried out on the surface of 316 L stainless steel by using the self-developed coaxial powder feeding tungsten argon arc cladding system.Aiming at the problem that the process parameters are difficult to optimize under the interaction of multiple factors,a multi-objective optimization method of process parameters integrated with RSM and NSGA-II algorithm is proposed.In this method,the welding unit heat input,powder feeding amount and SiC quality fraction were taken as input factors,and the microhardness,penetration depth and dilution rate were taken as response indexes.The regression model between the quality of cladding layer and process parameters was established by response surface method,and the interaction effect of process parameters on the quality of cladding layer was explored.Then,the NSGA-II algorithm was used to find the optimal combination of process parameters.Finally,the quality comparison and microstructure observation of cladding layer were carried out on the samples prepared under the optimal process parameters.The results show that the optimal parameter combination is unit heat input is 17.82 W/(mm·min^(-1)),powder feeding amount 8g/mm and SiC quality fraction 2%.The microhardness of the specimens under these conditions increased by 9.9%,the depth of fusion decreased by 31.9%,the dilution rate decreased by 22.4%.The morphology of the cladding layer is good without defects,and the top area is uniform and fine equiaxed grains.Highlights:(1)A well-formed and defect-free cladding layer was prepared by a self-developed coaxial powder feeding argon arc cladding system.(2)A multi-objective optimization method of process parameters based on the integration of RSM and NSGA-II algorithm is established.(3)The macroscopic morphology and microstructure of the cladding layer under the optimal process parameters w

关 键 词：同轴送粉 钨极氩弧熔覆 工艺参数 NSGA-Ⅱ算法 多目标优化 

分 类 号：TG456.7[金属学及工艺—焊接]