ODS钢焊接技术研究进展与展望  

Research progress and prospects of ODS steel welding technology

作　　者：郑勇 魏连峰[1] 杨灿湘[1] 邱绍宇[1] 李华鑫 王军健 杨建国 ZHENG Yong;WEI Lianfeng;YANG Canxiang;QIU Shaoyu;LI Huaxin;WANG Junjian;YANG Jianguo(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology,Nuclear Power Institute of China,Chengdu,610041,China;School of Mechanical Engineering Physics,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou,310023,China)

机构地区：[1]中国核动力研究设计院,先进核能技术全国重点实验室,成都610041 [2]浙江工业大学,机械工程学院,杭州310023

出　　处：《焊接学报》2024年第12期117-128,共12页Transactions of The China Welding Institution

摘　　要：氧化物弥散强化钢(oxide dispersion strengthened steel,ODS钢)因优异的高温力学性能、抗辐照性能和抗热蠕变性能等,被认为是最有潜力的下一代核反应堆包壳候选材料之一,ODS钢的优异性能主要归因于基体中弥散分布的纳米氧化物颗粒.抑制及避免焊接过程中纳米氧化物的析出、长大、团聚是选择焊接方法的重要依据,目前核燃料元件用ODS钢结构(大长厚比包壳)及极端服役条件(高温、高压、强辐照)对焊接方法提出了更高的技术指标要求,焊接技术已成为制约ODS钢作为核燃料元件包壳材料的最重要因素.因此,文中详细阐述了不同焊接方法对ODS钢进行焊接时,焊接接头微观结构特别是纳米氧化物颗粒以及力学性能的演变.结果表明,尽管熔焊和钎焊都适用于超长薄壁管件的焊接,但是熔焊容易导致接头处晶粒长大以及纳米氧化物团聚,而钎焊中钎料引入形成的异质界面在中子辐照中会产生开裂,相比之下,压力焊则能获得强度较高的焊接接头,最后还对焊接方法的未来发展方向进行了展望.ODS steel is considered as one of the most promising candidate materials for the next-generation nuclear reactor cladding due to its excellent high-temperature mechanical properties,irradiation resistance,and thermal creep resistance.The excellent performance of ODS steel is mainly attributed to the dispersed nano oxide particles in the matrix.Inhibiting and avoiding the precipitation,growth,and agglomeration of nano oxides during the welding process is the most important basis for selecting welding methods.However,the current ODS steel structure for nuclear fuel elements(large aspect ratio cladding)and extreme service conditions(high temperature,high pressure,strong irradiation)require higher technical indicators for welding methods.Currently,welding technology has become the most important factor restricting ODS steel as a cladding material for nuclear fuel elements.Based on this,the characteristics of different welding methods including fusion welding,brazing,and pressure welding,as well as the evolution of the microstructure,especially nano oxide particles,and mechanical properties of welded joints when using different welding methods to weld ODS steel,are elaborated in detail in this paper.Through comparison and summary,it is found that although both fusion welding and brazing are suitable for welding ultra long thin-walled pipe fittings,fusion welding can easily lead to grain growth and aggregation of nano oxides at the joint,while in brazing welding,the heterogeneous interface formed by the introduction of brazing material will crack under neutron irradiation.In comparison,pressure welding can obtain welded joints with higher strength.Finally,the future development direction of welding methods is also discussed in the paper.Highlights:(1)The essential reason why ODS steel maintains its excellent performance has been pointed out.(2)Detailed summary of the advantages and disadvantages of different welding techniques for ODS steel has been presented.(3)A theoretical basis and direction for welding research by

关 键 词：氧化物弥散强化钢 优异性能 焊接技术 纳米氧化物 强度 

分 类 号：TG457[金属学及工艺—焊接]