改善社会流动:美国加州大学家庭第一代大学生招收、发展情况及其服务体系研究  

Improving Social Mobility:A Study on the Enrollment,Development Status,and Service System for First-Generation College Students at the University of California in the U.S.

作　　者：杨中超[1] YANG Zhongchao(Continuing Education Department I,National Academy of Education Administration,Beijing 102617,China)

机构地区：[1]国家教育行政学院进修一部,北京102617

出　　处：《世界教育信息》2025年第1期54-62,共9页Journal of World Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十四五”规划2021年度教育学青年项目“家庭第一代大学生在校表现及其对就业质量的影响研究”(编号:CFA210246)。

摘　　要：家庭第一代大学生在校表现和发展情况直接关系到高等教育促进社会流动功能的实现。作为世界一流公立研究型大学,加州大学系统在促进家庭第一代大学生发展方面成效显著,家庭第一代大学生六年大学毕业率超过80%,明显高于美国公立大学均值,毕业五年后的收入与非一代大学毕业生大致相当。加州大学系统家庭第一代大学生和非一代大学生对在校期间整体学术和社会经历的满意度评价基本一致,且家庭第一代大学生在各项能力发展方面的获益大于非一代大学生。为更好地服务这一群体,加州大学各分校采取了面向家庭第一代大学生开展导师辅导和同伴辅导、创设学习生活共同体、提供有力的经济资助支持、加强家庭第一代大学生研究以改善服务质量等多项措施,形成对家庭第一代大学生的支持体系,这对于我国高校精准做好面向这一群体的支持和服务,通过高等教育改善社会流动提供借鉴。The performance and development of the First-Generation College Students(FGCSs)are directly related to the role of higher education in promoting social mobility.As a world-class public research university,the University of California(UC)has made significant strides in promoting the development of FGCSs.The six-year graduation rate of FGCSs exceeds 80%,which is significantly higher than the national average for public universities in the United States.Five years after graduation,their income is comparable to that of non-FGCSs.The satisfaction ratings of academic and social experiences in the UC are generally similar between FGCSs and Non-FGCSs,with FGCSs benefiting more in terms of skill development.In order to better serve this group,UC campuses have implemented multiple measures such as mentorship and peer counseling programs,creating learning and living communities,providing robust financial support,and enhancing research on FGCSs to improve service quality.These efforts provides valuable insights for China’s universities in supporting FGCSs,and enhancing social mobility through higher education.

关 键 词：家庭第一代大学生 加州大学系统 参与 学生服务 

分 类 号：G649[文化科学—高等教育学]