猴痘Ⅰ型毒株疫情流行新态势及其公共卫生风险应对策略与建议  

New Epidemic Situation of Mpox Clade I Strain and Response Strategy and Public Health Risk Suggestions

作　　者：景伟 何小兵[1,2,3] 房永祥 陈国华[1,2,3] 高真贞 张亚岭[1,2,3] 苏洋 郭慧琛 景志忠 JING Wei;HE Xiaobing;FANG Yongxiang;CHEN Guohua;GAO Zhenzhen;ZHANG Yaling;SU Yang;GUO Huichen;JING Zhizhong(State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention/Lanzhou Veterinary Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730046,China;Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology,Lanzhou 730046,China;Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs,Lanzhou 730046,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院兰州兽医研究所、动物疫病防控全国重点实验室,兰州730046 [2]甘肃省病原生物学基础学科研究中心,兰州730046 [3]农业农村部兽医公共卫生重点实验室,兰州730046

出　　处：《病毒学报》2024年第6期1221-1229,共9页Chinese Journal of Virology

基　　金：国家动物疫情监测与防治专项(项目号:125161031),题目:牛结节性皮肤病疫情监测与防治;国家自然基金面上项目(项目号:32473069),题目:我国LSDV疫苗样重组流行毒株及其再重组与生物学特性研究。

摘　　要：猴痘(Monkeypox,Mpox)是由猴痘病毒(Mpox virus,MPXV)感染引起的一种以发热、皮疹和淋巴结肿大为特征的病毒性人兽共患病,现被WHO第二次认定为构成“全球关注的突发公共卫生事件”。2022-Mpox疫情主要由MPXV进化支Ⅱ毒株B1谱系,通过男-男性行为接触方式主要在欧美等地区的人际间流行,但已于2023年5月解除了危机状态。然而,由MPXV进化支Ⅰb毒株谱系自2023年9月前后在刚果民主共和国等非洲地区多个国家大规模暴发流行,并在非洲地区之外的瑞典、泰国等国家首次发现相应的输入病例。由于MPXV进化支Ⅰ型毒株毒力比Ⅱ型更强,致死率更高,传播方式更多,人们担心该疫情可跨国、跨洲际传播,可对全球造成巨大危害和威胁。本文重点通过猴痘Ⅰ型毒株疫情在刚果民主共和国的暴发流行态势、临床特征以及流行毒株遗传演化适应人际间传播关键点的介绍,以期为我国新一波猴痘防控和公共卫生风险提出预警和应对依据。Mpox,a viral zoonosis characterized by fever,rash and lymph node enlargement caused by Mpox virus(MPXV)infection,has been recognized by WHO as a“public health emergency of global concern”for the second time.The 2022-Mpox epidemic is mainly composed of MPXV CladeⅡstrain B1 lineage,which is prevalent among humans in Europe and America through man-to-man sexual contact,but the crisis status has been relieved in May 2023.However,since September 2023,the MPXV CladeⅠstrain lineage has been in the Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC)and other African countries and regions of large outbreaks,and the corresponding imported cases were first detected outside Africa in Sweden and Thailand.Because the MPXV CladeⅠstrain is more virulent thanⅡ,with higher fatality rate and more modes of transmission,people are worried that the epidemic can spread across borders and continents,which can cause significant threat to global health.This article focuses on the epidemic situation,clinical characteristics and key points of genetic evolution adaptation to human-to-human transmission of Mpox CladeⅠvirus in the DRC,to provide early warning and response framework for the prevention and control of a potential wave of Mpox and public health risks in China.

关 键 词：猴痘 猴痘病毒进化支Ⅰ型毒株 流行特征 公共卫生风险 防控策略 

分 类 号：R373.9[医药卫生—病原生物学] S852.65[医药卫生—基础医学]