观澜河流域水体中20种邻苯二甲酸酯的分布特征与生态风险  

Distribution Characteristics and Ecological Risk of 20 Phthalate Esters in Water from Guanlan River Basin

作　　者：董艳冉 张彦丽 朱有长 崔思涵 李典宝 许楠 DONG Yanran;ZHANG Yanli;ZHU Youchang;CUI Sihan;LI Dianbao;XU Nan(Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization,School of Environment and Energy,Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School,Shenzhen 518055)

机构地区：[1]深圳市重金属污染控制与资源化重点实验室,北京大学深圳研究生院环境与能源学院,深圳518055

出　　处：《北京大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期130-138,共9页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis

基　　金：深圳市基础研究项目(JCYJ20200109140616774,GXWD20201231165807007-20200810165349001);深圳市龙华区政府项目(0851-1461 SZ01CL87)资助。

摘　　要：以深圳市观澜河为例,分析20种邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)在水体中的污染水平、来源和时空分布特征,同时对其生态风险进行评价。结果显示,2021年旱季和雨季观澜河水体中Σ_(20)PAEs浓度范围分别为30.29~9755.87 ng/L和359.87~27247.01 ng/L,平均浓度分别为2550.73 ng/L和5262.87 ng/L,雨季的污染程度高于旱季。干流Σ_(20)PAEs浓度显著低于支流(p<0.05),且污水厂下游河段的污染比其上游河段更严重。PAEs中邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯(DEHP)和邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(DIBP)分别为旱季和雨季含量最高的物质,且DEHP的浓度占比在污水厂下游河段显著高于其上游河段(p<0.05)。来源解析结果表明,观澜河中PAEs的来源复杂,包括塑料、化妆品和个人护理品等。生态风险评估发现,PAEs对藻类的生态风险最高。大部分采样点的生态风险商值都大于1,表明PAEs在观澜河水体中的生态风险较高,需要引起重视,尤其要关注DEHP的生态风险。Taking the Guanlan River in Shenzhen as an example,this study investigated the pollution level,spatiotemporal distribution,sources,and ecological risks of 20 phthalate esters(PAEs)in river water.It was found that in 2021,the concentrations of the 20 PAEs(Σ_(20)PAEs)ranged from 30.29-9755.87 ng/L with an average of 2550.73 ng/L in the dry season(DS)and 359.87-27247.01 ng/L with an average of 5262.87 ng/L in the wet season(WS),respectively,being higher in the WS than those in the DS.TheΣ_(20)PAEs in the water of the Guanlan River were significantly lower in the main stream than those in the tributaries(p<0.05).Moreover,their pollution was more serious downstream of wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)than upstream.The contents of bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(DEHP)and di-isobutyl phthalate(DIBP)were the highest in the DS and WS,respectively.The proportion of DEHP was significantly higher downstream of WWTPs than upstream(p<0.05).Source analysis indicated that PAEs in the Guanlan River originated from diverse sources such as plastics,cosmetics,and personal care products.The ecological risk assessment revealed that PAEs posed the greatest risk to algae.The risk quotients(RQs)of most samples were greater than 1,indicating a high ecological risk of PAEs in the Guanlan River.Among them,DEHP should be given special attention.

关 键 词：邻苯二甲酸酯 观澜河 时空分布 来源解析 生态风险评估 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X826