为竞争而赋予:人才落户政策制定过程中的地方政府行为  

Empowerment for Competition:Local Government Behavior in Talent Settlement Policy Formation

作　　者：熊涛 张晨[1,3] Tao Xiong;Chen Zhang

机构地区：[1]苏州大学中国特色城镇化研究中心 [2]苏州大学江苏省新型城镇化与社会治理协同创新中心 [3]苏州大学政治与公共管理学院

出　　处：《公共行政评论》2025年第1期26-45,196,197,共22页Journal of Public Administration

基　　金：江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(YX10200213);江苏高校优秀创新团队建设项目“地方政府与社会治理”(NH33710921)。

摘　　要：“中国式分权”制度结构中,地方政府围绕区域内经济社会发展展开激烈竞争,赋予人才市民身份成为地方政府竞争的有效手段。论文以J省S市人才落户政策制定过程中的地方政府行为作为案例分析对象,在理论与经验互构中提炼出地方政府人才落户政策调整机制的整合性解释框架。该框架包含三大核心要素:体制空间、行为偏好与利益博弈、地方政府能力。研究发现:(1)体制空间既形塑了地方政府的行为空间,也影响了地方主政官员的注意力分配,“领导高度重视”有效推动了人才落户政策的议程设置与制定进程;(2)地方政府内部条条、条块间的政策博弈过程凸显了“为竞争而赋予”的政策目标与地方政府能力之间关系的张力,选择性福利供给等因素成为地方政府能力的“阿喀琉斯之踵”,限制了地方政府制定吸引人才政策的努力。研究有助于理解户籍政策改革的难点:作为一种身份准入型户籍政策,人才落户政策及其背后的户籍制度改革是一个历时性的过程,大中城市人才落户政策的“事实性”消除最终有赖于公共服务均等化的实现。In the“Chinese-style decentralization”institutional structure,local governments compete fiercely around regional economic and social development,and“granting”talent citizenship has become an effective means of competition.This paper examines the local government behavior in the process of talent settlement policy making in S City,J Province.It applies an integrated explanatory framework for the adjustment mechanism of local government talent settlement policy through the mutual construction of theory and experience.The framework contains three core elements:institutional space,behavioral preferences,interest games,and local government capabilities.The study found that:(1)Institutional space not only shapes the behavioral space of local governments but also affects the attention allocation of local officials.“Leaders attach great importance to”effectively promotes the agenda setting and formulation process of talent settlement policies;(2)The policy game process between departments and blocks within local governments highlights the“tension”between the policy goal of“granting for competition”and the capabilities of local governments.Factors such as selective welfare supply have become the“Achilles heel”of local government capabilities,limiting the efforts of local government to formulate policies to attract talents.The study also helps to understand the difficulties of household registration policy reform:as an identity-based household registration policy,the talent settlement policy and the household registration system reform behind it are a diachronic process.The elimination of the“de facto”talent settlement policy in large and medium-sized cities ultimately depends on the realization of equal public services.

关 键 词：地方政府竞争 政策制定过程 人才落户政策 户籍制度改革 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]