打开“公众黑箱”:对公众接触理论的认知与重构  

Opening the“Public Black Box”:Perception and Reconstruction of Public Encounters

作　　者：杨静[1] 孔繁斌[1] Jing Yang;FanbinKong

机构地区：[1]南京大学政府管理学院

出　　处：《公共行政评论》2025年第1期179-195,200,共18页Journal of Public Administration

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“社会科学影响公共政策的历史、机制与中国路径研究”(21&ZD174);南京大学文科卓越研究计划“十层次”项目“中国共产党以人民为中心的治国理政模式研究”阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在官僚体制演进与社会发展变迁中,政府与公众的关系以及他们各自的角色发生了根本性转变,逐渐由“命令-服从”走向“服务与被服务”。然而,从以往不被政府看见到成为现代治理中复杂多元的存在,公众始终是一个未被打开的“黑箱”,严重阻碍了高质量公共政策与服务的形成,以及高水平政府履职效能的实现。因此,何以打开“公众黑箱”便成为中国治理场景下的客观难题,而兴起并逐步发展的公众接触理论能够为破解这一时代难题提供有益的思路。公众接触聚焦于微观关系过程,蕴含着内在民本属性,为政府职能从管理到服务的发展找到一条新的路径,并贡献了潜在的积极效能。论文通过对公众接触理论与公众参与和政府回应的理论辨析,以及基于中国情境的要素解构,从科学化的角度阐明了公众接触的理论核心和关键内容,试图为公共治理打开“公众黑箱”,以及为理解政府治理现代化提供一种新的视角。In the course of bureaucratic evolution and social development,the relationship between the government and the public,as well as their respective roles,has undergone a fundamental transformation,gradually shifting from a relationship of“ordering and obeying”to one of“serving and being served.”However,while the public has transitioned from being invisible to the government in the past to being characterized by the complexity and plurality of modern governance,they remain an unopened“black box”as the object of service.This has significantly hindered the formation of highquality public policies and services,as well as the achievement of high levels of government performance.Therefore,how to open the“Public Black Box”has become an objective challenge in Chinas governance context,and the theory of public encounter,which has emerged and developed in Western countries,can provide valuable insights for addressing this contemporary issue.Focusing on micro-level relational processes,public encounter inherently possesses people-oriented attributes and contributes to the potential positive effects of discovering a new service path in the governments shift from management to service functions.Through theoretical analysis of public engagement and government responsiveness,as well as the deconstruction of these elements within the Chinese context,this thesis elucidates the theoretical core and key components of public encounter from a scientific perspective.It also attempts to provide a feasible approach to opening the“Public Black Box”in Chinas governance,contributing to the realization of the modernization of the national governance system and enhancing the governments ability to govern.

关 键 词：公众接触 公众参与 政府回应性 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]