镉胁迫下施加生物炭对丛枝菌根真菌和三叶草生长的影响  

Effects of Biochar Application on the Growth of Arbuscular mycorrhizal Fungi and Clover under Cadmium Stress

作　　者：王晓冰 孟世隆 徐路平 WANG Xiaobing;MENG Shilong;XU Luping(Xinxiang University,School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Xinxiang,Henan 453003,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡学院土木工程与建筑学院,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2024年第12期30-35,共6页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(232102111008)。

摘　　要：为提升丛枝菌根(AM)真菌在重金属污染土壤中的适应能力与修复潜能,以三叶草作为宿主,分别用无菌土壤(CK)和等比例添加生物炭(T)作为基质对AM真菌进行扩繁培养,通过设置不同浓度镉(Cd)胁迫(Cd0:0、Cd1:10 mg·g^(-1)、Cd2:20 mg·g^(-1)),研究Cd胁迫下添加生物炭对AM真菌和三叶草生长的影响。结果表明,Cd胁迫下菌根中泡囊和菌丝分布较为稀疏,随着Cd胁迫浓度的增加,CK组的菌根侵染率从51.45%降低到15.44%,孢子密度从22.53个·g^(-1)降低到10.20个·g^(-1)。施加生物炭能显著提高菌根侵染率和孢子产量,T组的苗根侵染率在3种浓度Cd胁迫下较对应CK组分别提高30.75%、45.66%、119.42%,孢子密度分别增加4.31%、9.24%、55.20%。添加生物炭后,三叶草的根长、株高、生物量也显著提升,但根冠比与是否添加生物炭相关性不显著。综上,Cd胁迫下施加生物炭能显著促进菌根侵染,提高AM真菌孢子密度,并且减轻Cd对三叶草生长的毒害,有利于AM真菌的扩繁。To improve the adaptability and remediation potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungi in heavy metal contaminated soils,clover was used as the host plant to propagate AM fungi with axenic soil(CK)and biochar added in equal proportion(T)as the medium respectively,and different concentrations of cadmium stress(Cd0:0,Cd1:10 mg·g^(-1),Cd2:20 mg·g^(-1))was set to study the effect of adding biochar on the growth of AM fungi and clover under cadmium stress.The results showed that the distribution of vesicles and hyphae in mycorrhiza was sparser under Cd stress.With the increase concentration of Cd stress,the mycorrhizal infection ratio in the CK groups decreased from 51.45%to 15.44%,and the spore density decreased from 22.53 to 10.20 per gram.Biochar could increase the mycorrhizal infection ratio and spore production significantly.Under three concentrations of Cd stresses,the mycorrhizal infection ratio of T groups increased by 30.75%,45.66%and 119.42%compared with corresponding CK groups,meanwhile,the spore density increased by 4.31%,9.24%and 55.20%respectively.The root length,plant height,and biomass of clover also significantly increased,while the root-to-shoot ratio was not significantly related to whether biochar was added.In conclusion,the application of biochar can significantly promote mycorrhizal infection,increase the spore density of AM fungi,and reduce the toxicity to clover growth under cadmium stress,which should be beneficial to the propagation of AM fungi.

关 键 词：镉胁迫 丛枝菌根真菌 生物炭 扩繁 菌根率 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]