联合国应对巴以冲突的三重行动逻辑——基于复杂代理人的视角  

United Nations'Response to the Israeli-Palestinian Confict:A Complex Agency Analysis

作　　者：刘畅 Liu Chang(the School of International Studies of Renmin University of China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国际关系学院,北京100872

出　　处：《区域国别学刊》2025年第1期134-154,160,共22页COUNTRY AND AREA STUDIES

摘　　要：联合国内部不同机构在应对巴以冲突时采取的行动存在差异。作为维护国际和平与安全的核心机构,安理会的决策过程往往受到成员国的制约,导致集体行动困难重重。而功能性机构与一体化机构则表现出更加积极主动的应对策略。本文基于复杂代理人理论,提出“利益—知识—官僚”的三重分析框架,解释联合国安理会、世界卫生组织和联合国秘书处在应对本轮巴以冲突中的不同表现。联合国安理会面临成员国利益冲突,导致停火决议多次被否决,这不仅反映出成员国利益分歧的深度,还突显出多边决策机制在应对紧急人道危机时的结构性障碍。而世界卫生组织凭借专业知识,在动员全球公共卫生资源方面取得显著成效,展现了知识驱动模式下的高效性。秘书处则利用官僚机制,通过多方协调和资源整合,提供了相对稳健的危机管理支持,表现出在复杂冲突环境中的适应性。本文通过探讨联合国内部多种行动逻辑共存的现象,为理解联合国内部复杂运作机制提供一种新的视角。This study examines the varied responses of United Nations(UN)agencies to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict through the lens of complex agency theory,proposing a tripartite analytical framework of“interest-knowledge-bureaucracy.”This framework illuminates the distinctive operational patterns of three key UN bodies:the Security Council,the World Health Organization(WHO),and the Secretariat.The Security Council's effectiveness has been constrained by conflicting member state interests,evidenced by repeated vetoes of ceasefire resolutions.This paralysis reveals both the depth of interstate disagreements and the structural limitations of multilateral decision-making mechanisms in addressing humanitarian emergencies.Conversely,the WHO has demonstrated significant effectiveness in mobilizing global health resources through its knowledge-driven approach,while the Secretariat has successfully employed bureaucratic mechanisms to provide crisis management support through multistakeholder coordination and resource integration.These divergent responses reflect distinct operational logics within the UN system:interest-based constraints in the Security Council,knowledge-based efficiency in the WHO,and bureaucratic adaptability in the Secretariat.This analysis offers novel insights into the UN's complex organizational dynamics and its varied capacity to respond to international conflicts.

关 键 词：联合国 巴以冲突 委托代理理论 复杂代理人 

分 类 号：D81[政治法律—国际关系]