氨柴当量比燃烧的发动机性能研究  

Study on Performance of an Ammonia-Diesel Engine Under Stoichiometric Combustion

作　　者：陈清楚 刘奕[1] 毛建树 齐运亮[1] 陈虎[1] 王志[1] CHEN Qingchu;LIU Yi;MAO Jianshu;QI Yunliang;CHEN Hu;WANG Zhi(School of Vehicle and Mobility,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学车辆与运载学院,北京100084

出　　处：《内燃机工程》2025年第1期1-8,共8页Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52076118);宁波市重大科技任务攻关项目(2022Z151);清华大学水木学者计划项目。

摘　　要：采用零碳氨与柴油双燃料燃烧以拓展氨燃料的运行工况,研究了氨柴双燃料发动机当量比燃烧排放特性,并与稀燃条件下的燃烧特性进行了对比。结果表明:在理论空燃比条件下,氨柴双燃料的燃烧速度比纯柴油模式快,燃烧持续期明显短于纯柴油模式。相比于稀燃条件,在过量空气系数越靠近理论空燃比和氨能替代率越大时,燃烧持续期缩短效果越明显。氨柴双燃料燃烧能够提高发动机功率密度且指示热效率高于纯柴油模式。在排放方面,氨柴双燃料的NOx排放在3.4 g/(kW·h)以下,较低氨能量替代率下的NOx排放低于纯柴油模式,但氨燃烧效率整体较低,需要控制未燃氨排放;和纯柴油相比,氨柴双燃料在70%氨能量替代率时,凝聚态颗粒数排放能够减少97%以上。By employing a dual-fuel combustion system utilizing zero-carbon ammonia and diesel,the combustion and emission characteristics of ammonia-diesel dual-fuel engine were investigated under various stoichiometric ratios.The characteristics of the condition of stoichiometric and lean burn combustion were compared.The results indicate that under the stoichiometric ratio conditions,the combustion speed of ammonia-diesel dual-fuel is faster than that of pure diesel,with significantly shorter combustion duration.Compared with non-stoichiometric conditions,when the excess air coefficient is closer to the stoichiometric ratio and the ammonia energy replacement rate is larger,the combustion duration is shortened more obviously.Additionally,the ammonia-diesel dual-fuel combustion enhances engine power density and exhibits higher indicated thermal efficiency compared to pure diesel mode.Regarding emissions,NOx emissions from ammoniadiesel blended fuel are below 3.4 g/(kW·h),with emissions under low ammonia energy substitution rate being lower than pure diesel mode.However,the overall efficiency of ammonia combustion is lower,necessitating control of unburned ammonia emissions.Compared to pure diesel,condensed particulate matter emissions from ammonia-diesel blended fuel can be reduced by over 97%at an ammonia energy substitution rate of 70%.

关 键 词：氨柴双燃料 当量比燃烧 排放 发动机 

分 类 号：TK464[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]