非失火状态下柴油机半阶次抖动特性分析  

Analysis of Half-Order Shake Characteristics for a Diesel Engine in Non-Misfire State

作　　者：汪西力 黄锋 赵之升 曾小春[1,2] 王毅 WANG Xili;HUANG Feng;ZHAO Zhisheng;ZENG Xiaochun;WANG Yi(Jiangling Motor Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang 330001,China;Key Laboratory of Automobile Noise and Vibration of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330001,China)

机构地区：[1]江铃汽车股份有限公司,南昌330001 [2]江西省汽车噪声与振动重点实验室,南昌330001

出　　处：《内燃机工程》2025年第1期66-72,共7页Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering

基　　金：江西省汽车噪声与振动重点实验室开放课题项目(JXNVHKB-KFKT-201804)。

摘　　要：为进一步降低柴油车发动机在非失火状态下的怠速抖动水平,分析和优化发动机怠速半阶次能量成分。基于“激励源–传递路径–响应”模型及柴油车半阶次抖动“鱼骨图”方法进行发动机运行稳定性分析,并重点进行燃烧差异分析及验证。结果表明引起整车车内半阶次抖动的根本原因为:各气缸喷油量轻微差异导致配对气缸燃烧指示平均有效压力(indicated mean effective pressure,IMEP)差值及燃烧激励差异,使转矩和转速波动一致性较差,从而诱使半阶次抖动发生。根据工程实际,提出一种喷油量均衡控制方法,可均衡燃烧激励转矩差异,明显抑制柴油车发动机半阶次抖动能量,振动速度可优化80.6%左右,解决车辆半阶次抖动问题。该方法适用于所有的缸内直喷柴油机非失火状态下的半阶次抖动问题,且对于车辆长期使用后喷油孔磨损加剧的情况依然保持较高稳定性。In order to optimize the idle shake issue for a diesel engine in non-misfire state,the halforder harmonic of engine vibration was analyzed.Based on the“source-path-response”model and the“fishbone diagram”method,the engine operation stability analysis and combustion difference analysis were carried out.The root cause of the half-order shake issue was that the difference in the indicated mean effective pressure(IMEP)and combustion excitation difference for paired cylinder which resulted from the slight difference in the fuel injection volume of cylinders make the stability of torque and speed fluctuations slightly worse,thus the half-order shake issue occurred.Based on the engineering practice,a balanced control method for fuel injection was adopted.This method can balance the differences in combustion excitation torque and significantly suppress the half-order shake energy,with the vibration velocity of diesel engines optimized by about 80.6%,and the issue is resolved successfully.This method is applicable to all direct injection diesel engines in non-misfire state,and it can stay high stability even after more severe wear of fuel injector for longterm operation.

关 键 词：柴油机 半阶次抖动 非失火 均匀性 控制策略 

分 类 号：TK421[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]