城市蓝色空间对放松情绪与偏好的影响研究——基于近红外脑功能成像与眼动技术的神经科学实验  

Research on the Influence of Urban Blue Spaces on Relaxation and Preference:A Neuroscience Experiment Combining fNIRS and Eye-tracking Method

作　　者：罗玮菁 袁媛[1,2] 王琳婷 黎均文 LUO Weijing;YUAN Yuan;WANG Linting;LI Junwen(School of Geography and Planning,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006;Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation;Guangdong Province,Planning Research Institute,Guangzhou 510030;Urban Design Institute of Guangzhou Urban Planning&Design Survey Research Institute,Guangzhou 510030)

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广州510006 [2]广东省城市化与地理环境空间模拟重点实验室 [3]广州市城市规划设计有限公司规划研究所,广州510030 [4]广州市城市规划设计有限公司城市设计所,广州510030

出　　处：《中国园林》2025年第1期47-54,共8页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52278085);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金自然科学基金项目(2023A1515010704)。

摘　　要：蓝色空间作为风景园林研究与实践的关键对象,不仅是疗愈景观的重要组成部分,也是健康城市建设的重要空间抓手。大量横截面研究和实验性研究已证实蓝色空间具有生理心理健康效益,但尚未厘清不同类型城市蓝色空间及其景观要素的疗愈作用与景观偏好。以广州市不同类型蓝色空间作为视觉刺激材料,基于近红外脑功能成像与眼动技术开展神经科学实验,测量46位参与者的大脑活动信号、眼动指标和主观感知指标,分析不同类型城市蓝色空间及其具体要素对放松情绪和偏好的影响。结果显示,氧合血红蛋白浓度水平在观看滨海景观时相对较低,在观看湿地景观时相对较高;观看不同类型城市蓝色空间的总注视时间、平均瞳孔直径和眼跳次数存在显著差异;滨海景观的放松和偏好主观评分最高,滨湖景观次之;人注视城市蓝色空间景观要素产生的视觉行为能够解释放松情绪14.1%的变化和偏好16.9%的变化。研究结果可为城市蓝色空间提升改造、设计和管理提供依据。The field of landscape architecture research and practice encompasses the entire surface of the Earth,with blue space being a critical environmental type.Blue space is not only an essential component of therapeutic landscapes but also an important aspect of healthy urban planning.It possesses unique aesthetic characteristics,fascination,and attractiveness,providing distinctive benefits in terms of disease prevention,health promotion,and therapeutic interventions,which may differ from those provided by green spaces.Numerous cross-sectional epidemiological studies have demonstrated positive associations between the proximity,accessibility,quantity,visibility,and frequency of exposure to blue spaces and individuals'health and well-being.With advancements in neuroscience technologies,research in environmental psychology has increasingly focused on the restorative benefits and preferences associated with landscape environments,utilizing measures such as electrodermal activity,heart rate,electroencephalography,and eye tracking.Experimental studies have demonstrated the physiological and psychological health benefits of blue spaces.Blue spaces can vary significantly in type,and factors such as location,form,size,quality,and characteristics may influence how individuals perceive and interact with these environments.However,relatively few neuroscientific studies have categorized blue spaces into distinct types and examined their differential impacts on health outcomes.The question of whether different types of urban blue spaces-such as rivers,lakes,coasts,and wetlands-offer varying restorative benefits,particularly in terms of neurophysiological indicators,remains insufficiently explored.Furthermore,existing research has yet to adequately investigate the role of specific landscape elements within blue spaces.This study aimed to address these gaps by combining functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)and eye-tracking methodologies to conduct a neuroscientific experiment.The primary objectives were:1)to compare the effec

关 键 词：风景园林 滨水空间 心理健康 感知 大脑活动 视觉行为 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]