山地城市老龄居民出行可达性分析——从居住区到公共空间  

Travel Accessibility Analysis of Elderly Residents in Mountainous City:From Neighborhoods to Public Spaces

作　　者：杜春兰[1,2] 李阳 李波[1] DU Chunlan;LI Yang;LI Bo(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044;Chongqing University,Key Laboratory of New Technology For Construction of Cities in Mountain Area,Chongqing 400044)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学建筑城规学院,重庆400044 [2]重庆大学建筑城规学院山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室,重庆400044

出　　处：《中国园林》2025年第1期63-69,共7页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(52238003);重庆市规划和自然资源科研项目(KJ-2022020)。

摘　　要：中国,尤其是重庆市老龄化严重,为了提升公共空间公平性并缓解供需矛盾,需要为老年人提升公共空间可达性。然而,已有研究忽略了公共空间吸引力、山地城市交通状况,以及劣势居住区中潜在可开发的公共空间对出行可达性的影响。为了分析山地城市老龄居民出行可达性问题,重新解读并构建引力模型,利用回归分析挖掘出行可达性影响因子。渝中区存在公共空间不可达和出行可达性较低的问题,并呈现“中心-边缘”的空间分布格局和权衡关系,出行可达性受到交通可步行性不足、缺少潜在可开发的公共空间和开发资金,以及公共空间景观吸引力较低问题的共同影响。提出劣势居住区潜在公共空间开发策略和公共空间适老化更新策略,以期推进老年宜居环境建设。The aging population in China,particularly in Chongqing,presents significant challenges in providing equitable access to public open space,which is a crucial infrastructure for promoting elderly well-being,and it is essential to mitigates the increasing supply-demand tension of green spaces.However,existing studies often neglect several critical aspects in mountainous cities:the attractiveness of public spaces as destinations,the effect of complex topography on the mobility of the elderly,and the potential for the construction of public open spaces in disadvantaged neighborhoods.These gaps are an obstacle to the provision of effective accessibility strategies.To address these questions,the gravity model is re-interpreted and constructed to take into account both the quality and quantity of green spaces,as well as the topographical features of mountainous city.The gravity model is recalibrated to take into account the quality of the landscape,and the attractiveness of public spaces and the specific barriers posed by topography.In this context,the attractiveness of public open spaces is quantified using coefficients related to landscape features such as green coverage,recreational facilities,and rest areas.Simultaneously,we applied a network-based analysis using ArcGIS to adjust for travel distances influenced by topography,allowing for a more accurate calculation of older people's travel distance.The study area is located in the Yuzhong District,Chongqing,a typical high-density urban district with a large number of elderly residents.The district exhibits the"center-periphery"pattern of accessibility,characterized by a trade-off relationship between areas with high accessibility,typically found in central commercial zones,and those in peripheral residential neighborhoods suffering from low accessibility.We identified two problems of accessibility:first,35.47%of elderly residents are unable to reach public spaces within a 10-minute walk from their homes due to steep slopes and fragmented green space networks;second,

关 键 词：风景园林 可达性 公共空间 景观吸引力 劣势居住区 引力模型 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]