老年人视角下居住小区绿地声景恢复性效益感知机制研究  

Study on the Perception Mechanism of Soundscape Restorativeness in Residential Green Apaces from the Perspective of the Elderly

作　　者：郭渲 刘江 GUO Xuan;LIU Jiang(School of Architecture and Urban-Rural Planning in Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350116)

机构地区：[1]福州大学建筑与城乡规划学院,福州350116

出　　处：《中国园林》2025年第1期102-109,共8页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52378049)。

摘　　要：声景作为居住环境的重要组成部分,对城市居民身心健康的促进作用已被证实,但是其对老年人的恢复性效益感知的影响及其内在机制尚未有深入研究。为填补这一研究空白,以福州市仓山区33个居住小区绿地为例,通过对438名老年居民的公众调查,探讨老年人声景恢复性效益感知特征及其感知机制。结果表明,老年人的声景恢复性效益感知主要分为2个维度:吸引力和包容性。在3种主要声源类型中,仅机械声直接且显著地对包容性产生了负面影响;自然声和人类声则通过影响老年人感知到的声景情感质量间接地影响他们对声景恢复性效益的感知。声景丰富度对老年人感知的声景恢复性效益的2个维度均有直接且显著的正向影响,而声景愉悦度仅对包容性具有显著的正向影响。此外,多群组分析结果表明,在不同性别的老年群体中,人类声和机械声对声景恢复性效益的感知影响存在显著差异。研究结果深化了居住小区绿地中老年人声景恢复性效益感知机制的科学理解,并为居住小区绿地声景适老化设计提供了理论依据。Soundscape,as an integral part of the living environment,has been increasingly recognized for its potential to promote the physical and mental wellbeing of urban residents.While previous studies have investigated the restorative effects of soundscapes on the general population,there is a lack of research focusing specifically on the elderly,a rapidly growing demographic group with unique perceptual characteristics and health needs.As the global population ages,there is an urgent need to create age-friendly living environments that support the wellbeing of older adults.Residential green spaces,as the most accessible outdoor spaces for the elderly,provide an ideal setting to investigate the restorative potential of soundscapes and inform the design of health-promoting environments.This study aims to address the research gap by exploring the characteristics of perceived soundscape restorativeness(PSR)for the elderly and its underlying perception mechanisms in the context of residential green spaces.The research seeks to answer three main questions:1)What are the key dimensions and characteristics of PSR as perceived by elderly individuals in residential green spaces?2)How do soundscape characteristics,including sound source perception and soundscape affective quality,influence the elderly's PSR?3)Are there significant differences in the PSR perception mechanisms between elderly males and females?The study was conducted in 33 residential green spaces located in Cangshan District,Fuzhou City,China.A questionnaire survey was administered to 438 elderly residents aged 60 years and above.The questionnaire consists of four main sections:sociodemographic characteristics,sound source dominance perception,soundscape affective quality evaluation,and perceived assessment of perceived restorativeness in soundscape.Sound source dominance was measured using a 5-point Likert scale for three main types of sounds:natural,human,and mechanical.Soundscape affective quality was evaluated using four positive indicators from ISO 12913-2:p

关 键 词：风景园林 声景感知 声景恢复性效益 老年人 居住小区绿地 适老化设计 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]