云南省畜禽粪污土地承载力的时空分布和资源化利用潜力分析  

Analysis of Spatial-temporal Distribution and Resource Utilization Potential of Land Carrying Capacity of Livestock and Poultry Manure in Yunnan Province

作　　者：常镇 赵兴玲[2,3] 吴凯 张箭 梁承月 王昌梅 杨斌[2,3] 尹芳 张云杰[4] 张无敌 CHANG Zhen;ZHAO Xing-ling;WU Kai(School of Economics and Management,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming,Yunnan 650500;School of Energy and Environment Science,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming,Yunnan 650500;Yunnan Biogas Engineering Technology Research Center,Kunming,Yunnan 650500)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学经济管理学院,云南昆明650500 [2]云南师范大学能源与环境科学学院,云南昆明650500 [3]云南省沼气工程技术研究中心,云南昆明650500 [4]中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司,云南昆明650032

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2025年第3期58-63,76,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司项目“新型能源及储能关键技术研究”;云南省万人计划产业技术领军人才项目(20191096);云南省基础研究计划项目(202001AT070094);云南省国际科技合作专项(202003AF140001);云南省基础研究专项青年项目(202201AU070058);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2022J0127);云南师范大学博士启动项目(xj2021102918);昆明市国际(对外)科技合作基地项目(GHJD-2020026)。

摘　　要：为促进云南省畜牧业的发展与环境相适应,评估畜禽粪污土地承载力和资源化利用潜力,利用畜禽日排泄系数和污染物含量系数测算畜禽粪污排放量、氮磷承载量、区域畜禽理论养殖量、沼气潜力及肥料潜力。结果表明:2010—2020年,在仅考虑农作物土地播种面积消纳畜禽粪便的情境下,云南省土地播种面积氮磷承载量除西双版纳州和德宏州分别在2017和2018年出现磷污染,其余州(市)氮磷承载量有较大上升空间;云南省畜禽粪污年养分总量在84.81万~104.98万t,养分总量可替代化肥用量的37.77%~53.40%;畜禽粪便可产沼气年均量46.67亿m^(3),年均天然气折算量28.00亿m^(3),年均标准煤折算量33.32万t,折年均碳减排潜力22.66万t。由此可得,云南省要进行进一步畜禽养殖产业布局,提高畜禽粪污资源化利用率,推动区域畜牧业可持续发展。In order to promote the development of animal husbandry in Yunnan Province and adapt to the environment,the land carrying capacity and resource utilization potential of livestock and poultry manure were evaluated,the daily excretion coefficient and pollutant content coefficient of livestock and poultry were used to measure the discharge of livestock and poultry manure,nitrogen and phosphorus carrying capacity,regional theoretical breeding volume of livestock and poultry,biogas potential and fertilizer potential based on the daily excretion coefficient and pollutant content coefficient of livestock and poultry.The results showed that from 2010 to 2020,under the scenario of only considering the sown area of crop land to absorb livestock and poultry manure,the nitrogen and phosphorus carrying capacity of the sown area of land in Yunnan Province had been polluted since 2017 and 2018 respectively,and the nitrogen and phosphorus carrying potential of other prefectures(cities)had greater room for improvement.The total annual nutrient content of livestock and poultry manure in Yunnan Province fluctuated between 848,100 tons and 1,049,800 tons,and the total nutrients could replace 37.77%-53.40%of the fertilizer usage.The average annual production of biogas from livestock and poultry manure was 4.667 billion m^(3),the average annual amount of natural gas was 2.800 billion m 3,the average annual amount of standard coal was 333,200 tons,and the annual average carbon reduction potential was 226,600 tons.From the results of the research,Yunnan Province should further layout the livestock and poultry breeding industry,improve the utilization rate of livestock and poultry manure resources,and promote the sustainable development of regional animal husbandry.

关 键 词：畜禽粪污 土地承载力 时空分布 资源化利用 可持续发展 云南省 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]