不同水土保持措施对地表粗糙度及其变化的影响  

Effects of Different Soil and Water Conservation Measures on Land Surface Roughness and Its Changes

作　　者：王云泽 周凤艳 韩艳刚 颉和平 WANG Yun-ze;ZHOU Feng-yan;HAN Yan-gang(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin,Liaoning 123000)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学环境科学与工程学院,辽宁阜新123000 [2]新疆宜化矿业有限公司,新疆昌吉831700

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2025年第3期77-81,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目面上项目(JYTMS20230808);辽宁省教育厅大学生创新训练项目(S202310147038)。

摘　　要：[目的]深入理解不同水土保持措施地表粗糙度变化的机理,以便于指导该地区土壤侵蚀的预防工作。[方法]以辽西低山丘陵区二道岭小流域坡面径流观测场为对象,通过定位观测法,研究不同水土保持措施影响地表粗糙度及其变化的影响因子。[结果]各类措施间的地表粗糙度存在差异,各大类措施的地表粗糙度经过4场降雨过后大小顺序为CK>耕作措施>工程措施>林草措施。各类措施间地表粗糙度变化率存在差异,各大类措施的地表粗糙度变化率从大到小依次为耕作措施>CK>工程措施>林草措施。各措施地表粗糙度变化率均与土壤黏粒含量呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),CK和工程措施地表粗糙度变化率与土壤容重均呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),林草措施地表粗糙度变化率与土壤含水率呈显著正相关(P<0.05),林草措施中的林地措施地表粗糙度变化率与土壤有机质含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。[结论]植被覆盖率、营建措施过程中形成的初始地表粗糙度、土壤理化性质是影响不同水土保持措施地表粗糙度及其变化率的重要因子。[Objective]To understand the mechanism of surface roughness change under different soil and water conservation measures,so as to guide the prevention of soil erosion in this area.[Method]Taking the slope runoff observation field of Erdaoling small watershed in the low hilly area of western Liaoning Province as the object,the influence factors of different soil and water conservation measures on surface roughness and its change were studied by using the positioning observation method.[Result]There were differences in surface roughness among various measures.After four rain events,the order of surface roughness of various measures remained CK>cultivation measures>engineering measures>forestry measures.There were differences in surface roughness change rate among various measures,the surface roughness change rate of various measures was cultivation measures>CK>engineering measures>forestry measures.The surface roughness change rate of various measures was significantly negatively correlated with soil clay content(P<0.01),the surface roughness change rate of CK and engineering measures was significantly negatively correlated with soil bulk density(P<0.01),the surface roughness change rate of forestry measures was significantly positively correlated with soil moisture content(P<0.05),and the surface roughness change rate of forestland measures was significantly positively correlated with soil organic matter content(P<0.05).[Conclusion]The vegetation coverage,the initial surface roughness formed during the construction process,and the soil physical and chemical properties were important factors affecting the surface roughness and its change rate under different soil and water conservation measures.

关 键 词：水土保持措施 地表粗糙度 自然降雨 土壤机械组成 

分 类 号：TD824.7[矿业工程—煤矿开采]