半干旱地区银杏叶片黄化过程中生理生态变化  

Physiological and Ecological Changes of Ginkgo biloba Leaves During Yellowing in Semi-arid Areas

作　　者：王巍凝 颉和平 张汝佳 韩艳刚 王永杰 周凤艳 WANG Wei-ning;JIE He-ping;ZHANG Ru-jia(College of Environmental Science and Engineering of Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin,Liaoning 123000;Xinjiang Yihua Mining Co.,Ltd.,Changji,Xinjiang 831700;Fuxin City Utility Service Center,Fuxin,Liaoning 123000)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学环境科学与工程学院,辽宁阜新123000 [2]新疆宜化矿业有限公司,新疆昌吉831700 [3]阜新市城市公用设施服务中心,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2025年第3期118-123,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目面上项目(JYTMS20230808);辽宁省教育厅大学生创新训练项目(S20231014738)。

摘　　要：以辽宁省阜新市城区的银杏为对象,在生长季内监测其焦叶发展状况,测定并分析健康叶片与不同程度焦叶的水力特性、光合作用、非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)及碳、氮、磷含量。结果表明:焦叶现象发生后,银杏的水力学功能受损,生理生态指标发生显著变化。随着焦叶程度加深,焦叶的水势、磷含量增加,光合速率、叶绿素、NSC、碳、氮含量下降。间歇性干旱影响焦叶的叶绿素合成,抑制其光合作用,使可溶性糖总量下降;尽管焦叶淀粉含量与健康叶片相比无显著变化,但焦叶的NSC总量下降。银杏发生焦叶后,其水力学功能受损,NSC含量下降和碳、氮含量不足;反之,由于叶片的水力学功能受损,NSC含量下降和碳、氮含量不足又导致焦叶症状进一步发展。The development of Ginkgo biloba leaves in Fuxin City,Liaoning Province was monitored during the growing season,and the hydraulic characteristics,photosynthesis,non-structural carbohydrate(NSC),carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus and other indexes of normal leaves and leaf scorch with different degrees were measured and analyzed.The results showed that after the occurrence of the leaf scorch phenomenon,the hydraulic function was damaged,and the physiological and ecological indexes of the leaves changed significantly.With the deepening of the degree of leaf scorch,water potential and total P content of leaf scorch increased,while photosynthetic rate,the contents of chlorophyll,NSC,total carbon and total nitrogen decreased.Under the influence of intermittent drought,the chlorophyll synthesis of leaf scorch of Ginkgo biloba was affected,photosynthesis was inhibited,resulting the total soluble sugar in leaf scorch decreased;although there was no significant change in starch content compared with healthy leaves,the total amount of NSC in leaf scorch decreased.In general,after the leaf scorch of Ginkgo biloba,the hydraulic function was impaired,the NSC content decreased,and the carbon and nitrogen contents were insufficient,and the above physiological and ecological changes are also important reasons for the further development of Ginkgo biloba.In turn,due to the impairment of the hydraulic function of Ginkgo biloba leaves,the decrease in NSC content and the insufficient carbon and nitrogen content further led to the development of scorched leaf symptoms.

关 键 词：银杏 非正常黄化现象(焦叶) 水力特性 生理生态变化 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]