功能菌强化高温好氧堆肥降解污泥中阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺的研究  

Study on the biodegradation of cationic polyacrylamide in sludge through functional bacteria-enhanced high-temperature aerobic composting

作　　者：陶樱鹭 宋天文 王凯玫 武书晓 夏文香[1] TAO Yinglu;SONG Tianwen;WANG Kaimei;WU Shuxiao;XIA Wenxiang(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266525,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,青岛266525

出　　处：《青岛理工大学学报》2025年第1期87-95,共9页Journal of Qingdao University of Technology

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金青年项目(ZR2021QD100);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020ME256)。

摘　　要：大量阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)在污水污泥填埋和土地利用的过程中进入环境,对居民健康和周边环境造成严重威胁。针对该问题,以污泥、玉米芯、玉米秸秆和麦麸为原料进行高温好氧堆肥,利用生物炭作为载体固定CPAM降解功能菌Bacillus novalis,并对其进行强化。结果表明,强化作用使得高温好氧堆肥的温度最高达63.9℃,CPAM的去除率达到76.85%,比强化前提高了16.49%。固定化功能菌的加入加快了堆肥进程,提前10 d达到腐熟标准,堆肥产品的种子发芽指数为128%。高通量测序结果表明,堆肥过程中细菌群落多样性呈先降后升的趋势。在属水平上,芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus,2.21%~62.91%)的相对丰度显著提高。此外,unclassified_f__Streptosporangiaceae(family Streptosporangiaceae,链孢囊科)和norank_f__JG30-KF-CM45也具有较高的相对丰度。A large amount of cationic polyacrylamide(CPAM)enters the environment during the process of sewage sludge landfill and land use,posing a serious threat to the health of residents and the surrounding environment.In order to solve this problem,high-temperature aerobic composting was carried out using sludge,corn cobs,corn straw and wheat bran as raw materials,and it was enhanced by CPAM degrading functional bacteria Bacillus novalis immobilized on biochar.The results showed that the intensification made the temperature of aerobic composting increase to 63.9℃and the CPAM removal increase to 76.85%,16.49%greater than that before intensification.The addition of immobilized functional bacteria accelerated the composting process,reaching the maturation standard 10 d earlier,and the seed germination index of the composted product was 128%.High-throughput sequencing results showed that the bacterial community diversity tended to decrease and then increase during composting.At the genus level,the relative abundance of Bacillus(2.21%—62.91%)was significantly higher.In addition,unclassified_f__Streptosporangiaceae(family Streptosporangiaceae,Streptosporanaceae)and norank_f__JG30-KF-CM45 also had high relative abundance.

关 键 词：污水污泥 阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM) 高温好氧堆肥 功能菌 微生物群落 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]