GFM、GFL变流器与同步发电机构成的混合电力系统小信号建模与稳定性分析  

Small signal modeling and stability analysis of hybrid power system with GFM and GFL converters and synchronous generator

作　　者：徐波 李沛泓 姚寅 陈浩 边晓燕 李东东 XU Bo;LI Peihong;YAO Yin;CHEN Hao;BIAN Xiaoyan;LI Dongdong(College of Electrical Engineering,Shanghai University of Electric Power,Shanghai 200090,China;East China Branch of State Grid Corporation of China,Shanghai 200120,China)

机构地区：[1]上海电力大学电气工程学院,上海200090 [2]国家电网有限公司华东分部,上海200120

出　　处：《电力科学与技术学报》2024年第6期141-151,共11页Journal of Electric Power Science And Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52377111)。

摘　　要：高比例新能源经变流器接入电力系统,使得电力系统的频率支撑能力降低,进而影响系统的同步稳定性。针对由构网型(grid-forming,GFM)、跟网型(grid-following,GFL)变流器以及同步发电机构成的混合电力系统,进行小信号建模与稳定性分析。首先,对采用虚拟同步发电机控制的GFM变流器、基于锁相环(phase locked loop,PLL)的GFL变流器、同步发电机以及其他元件构成的混合电力系统进行小信号建模,并将建立的小信号模型与实际电路模型进行相同阶跃功率扰动对比,验证信号模型的正确性;其次,利用特征值分析法分析新能源渗透率及GFM变流器渗透率的变化对系统小信号稳定性的影响,并利用参与因子法分析相关状态变量对系统特征值的影响程度;然后,分析GFM变流器控制参数中虚拟转动惯量与虚拟阻抗对系统小信号稳定性的影响;最后,利用仿真验证理论分析的准确性。A high proportion of new energy is connected to the power system through converters,which reduces the frequency support ability of the power system and affects the synchronization stability of the system.Small signal modeling and stability analysis are presented for a hybrid power system composed of a grid-forming(GFM)converter,a grid-following(GFL)converter,and a synchronous generator.Firstly,small signal modeling is conducted on a hybrid power system composed of a GFM converter controlled by a virtual synchronous generator,a GFL converter based on a phase lock loop(PLL),a synchronous generator,and other components.To verify the correctness of the signal model,the established small signal model is compared with the actual circuit model for the same step power disturbance.Secondly,the eigenvalue analysis method is used to analyze the influence of changes in the penetration rate of new energy and GFM converter on the small signal stability of the system,and the participation factor method is employed to analyze the degree of influence of relevant state variables on the system eigenvalues.Then,the influence of the virtual moment of inertia and virtual impedance in the control parameters of the GFM converter on the small signal stability of the system is analyzed.Finally,the accuracy of the theoretical analysis is verified through simulation.

关 键 词：构网型变流器 跟网型变流器 同步发电机 小信号稳定性 新能源渗透率 

分 类 号：TM712[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]